Bundesländer

A federated state (which may be referred to as a state, a province, a canton, a Land, etc.) is a territorial and constitutional community forming part of a federal union (federation). Such states differ from fully sovereign states, in that they have transferred a portion of their sovereign powers to a federal government. Importantly, when states choose to federate, they lose their standing as persons of international law. Instead, the federal union as a single entity becomes the sovereign state for purposes of international law. A federated state holds administrative jurisdiction over a defined geographic territory and is a form of regional government.

In some cases, a federation is created from a union of political entities, which are either independent, or dependent territories of another sovereign entity (most commonly a colonial power). In other cases, federated states have been created out of the regions of previously unitary states. Once a federal constitution is formed, the rules governing the relationship between federal and regional powers become part of the country's constitutional law and not international law.

In countries with federal constitutions, there is a division of power between the central government and the component states. These entities - states, provinces, cantons, Länder, etc. - are partially self-governing and are afforded a degree of constitutionally guaranteed autonomy that varies substantially from one federation to another. Depending on the form the decentralization of powers takes, a federated state's legislative powers may or may not be overruled or vetoed by the federal government. Laws governing the relationship between federal and regional powers can be amended through the federal constitution and state constitutions.

List of constituents by federation

The "federated units" in the table below have inherent governmental authority in the federation's constitutional system, while the "other units" are delegated authority by the federal government or are administered directly by it (see federal district and federal territory).

* indicates federal capital (or federated units that contain it)

** actively disputed by other sovereign states or the international community

Federation	Federated units	Other units
Australia	6 states: New South Wales Template:Country data Queensland Template:Country data South Australia Template:Country data Tasmania Template:Country data Victoria Template:Country data Western Australia	10 territories: Template:Country data Australian Capital Territory* Template:Country data Northern Territory Template:Country data Christmas Island Template:Country data Cocos (Keeling) Islands Template:Country data Norfolk Island Template:Noflag Template:Noflag Template:Noflag Template:Noflag Template:Noflag
Austria	9 states: Template:Country data Vienna* Template:Country data Lower Austria Template:Country data Upper Austria Template:Country data Styria Template:Country data Tyrol Template:Country data Carinthia Template:Country data Salzburg Template:Country data Vorarlberg Template:Country data Burgenland
Belgium	3 regions: Template:Country data Flemish Region Template:Country data Wallonia Template:Country data Brussels-Capital Region*
	3 communities: Template:Country data Flemish Community* Template:Country data French Community* Template:Country data German-speaking Community
Canada	19 Commonwealths: Alaska Alberta British Columbia Edward Island Greenland Iceland Labrador Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland Nova Scotia Nunatsiaq Nunavut Ontario Quebec Saskatchewan Yukon	1 territory: Template:Country data Canadian Capital Territory*
Germany	16 states: Baden-Württemberg Bavaria Berlin* Brandenburg Bremen Hamburg Hesse Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Lower Saxony North Rhine-Westphalia Rhineland-Palatinate Saarland Saxony Saxony-Anhalt Schleswig-Holstein Thuringia
Mexican FR	31 States: Aguascalientes Template:Country data Baja California Baja California Sur Campeche Chiapas Chihuahua Coahuila Colima Durango Guanajuato Guerrero Hidalgo Jalisco México Template:Country data Michoacán Morelos Nayarit Nuevo León Oaxaca Puebla Template:Country data Querétaro Quintana Roo San Luis Potosí Sinaloa Sonora Tabasco Tamaulipas Tlaxcala Veracruz Yucatán Zacatecas	1 federal district: Template:Country data Mexican Federal District*
Template:Country data F.S. Micronesia	4 states: Template:Country data Chuuk Template:Country data Kosrae Template:Country data Pohnpei* Template:Country data Yap
Template:Country data Nepal	7 Provinces: Province No. 1 Province No. 2 Province No. 3* Province No. 4 Province No. 5 Province No. 6 Province No. 7
Russia	'’64 republics: Template:Country data Amur Oblast Template:Country data Arkhangelsk Oblast Template:Country data Astrakhan Oblast Template:Country data Belgorod Oblast Template:Country data Bryansk Oblast Template:Country data Chelyabinsk Oblast Template:Country data Irkutsk Oblast Template:Country data Ivanovo Oblast Template:Country data Kaliningrad Oblast Template:Country data Kaluga Oblast Template:Country data Kemerovo Oblast Template:Country data Kirov Oblast Template:Country data Kostroma Oblast Template:Country data Kurgan Oblast Template:Country data Kursk Oblast Template:Country data Leningrad Oblast Template:Country data Lipetsk Oblast Template:Country data Magadan Oblast Template:Country data Moscow Oblast Template:Country data Murmansk Oblast Template:Country data Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Template:Country data Novgorod Oblast Template:Country data Novosibirsk Oblast Template:Country data Omsk Oblast Template:Country data Orenburg Oblast Template:Country data Oryol Oblast Template:Country data Penza Oblast Template:Flagicon image Pskov Template:Country data Rostov Oblast Template:Country data Ryazan Oblast Template:Country data Sakhalin Oblast Template:Country data Samara Oblast Template:Country data Saratov Oblast Template:Country data Smolensk Oblast Template:Country data Sverdlovsk Oblast Template:Country data Tambov Oblast Template:Country data Tomsk Oblast Template:Country data Tver Oblast Template:Country data Tula Oblast Template:Country data Tyumen Oblast Template:Country data Ulyanovsk Oblast Template:Country data Vladimir Oblast Template:Country data Volgograd Oblast Template:Country data Vologda Oblast Template:Country data Voronezh Oblast Template:Country data Yaroslavl Oblast Template:Country data Adygea Altai Republic Bashkortostan Buryatia Chechnya Chuvashia Dagestan Template:Country data Ingushetia Template:Country data Kabardino-Balkaria Kalmykia Karachay-Cherkessia Karelia Template:Country data Khakassia Komi Template:Country data Mari El Mordovia Template:Country data North Ossetia-Alania Sakha Tatarstan Template:Country data Tuva Udmurtia Template:Country data Altai Krai Template:Country data Kamchatka Krai Template:Country data Khabarovsk Krai Template:Country data Krasnodar Krai Template:Country data Krasnoyarsk Krai Template:Country data Perm Krai Template:Country data Primorsky Krai Template:Country data Stavropol Krai Template:Country data Zabaykalsky Krai Template:Country data Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Template:Country data Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug Template:Country data Nenets Autonomous Okrug Template:Country data Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Template:Country data Jewish Autonomous Oblast	3 federal cities: Template:Country data Moscow* Template:Country data Saint Petersburg
Saint Kitts and Nevis	2 states: Saint Kitts* Template:Country data Nevis
Switzerland	26 cantons: Zürich Bern* Lucerne Uri Schwyz Obwalden Nidwalden Glarus Zug Fribourg Solothurn Basel-Stadt Basel-Landschaft Schaffhausen Appenzell Ausserrhoden Appenzell Innerrhoden St. Gallen Graubünden Aargau Thurgau Ticino Vaud Valais Neuchâtel Geneva Jura
United Kingdoms	4 Realms: England Ireland Scotland Wales
United States	18 States: Arizona California Colorado Hawaii Idaho Kansas Montana Nebraska Nevada New Mexico North Dakota Oklahoma Oregon South Dakota Texas Utah Washington Wyoming 31 Territories: Alabama Arkansas Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kentucky Louisiana Mackinac Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri New Hampshire New Jersey New York North Carolina Ohio Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Vermont Virginia Wisconsin	2 Federal Districts: Fœderal Capital Territory* District of Columbia
		15 unincorporated territories: Template:Country data American Samoa Guam Northern Mariana Islands Baker Island Howland Island Jarvis Island Johnston Atoll Kingman Reef Midway Atoll Navassa Island Wake Island

See also

• Associated state
• Constituent state
• Federal district
• Federal territory
• Federation
• List of autonomous areas by country
• List of sovereign states
• Supranational union
• Table of administrative divisions by country