United States

“United States of North Aegea”, “US”, “U.S.”, “USA”, and “USNA” redirect here. For other uses, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), USNA (disambiguation) and United States (disambiguation).

United States of North Aegea Union of Sovereign States Flag Coat of Arms Motto:  “E Pluribus Unum”  (Latin) “As a Band of Brothers joined, Peace and Safety we shall find!” Anthem:  “Hail Columbia” March: “Stars and Stripes Forever” Flag Song: “Star-Spangled Banner” Great Seal: The United States (green) The United States of North Aegea – 30 States (dark blue) – 30 Territories (Federal Rule)[g] (dark grey) The United States of North Aegea – 30 States (dark blue) – 30 Territories (Federal Rule) (dark grey) Federal capital Fœderal Capital Territory Largest city Houston, Texas Official language None (de jure) English (de facto) Recognized languages List (Varies by State) Demonym North Aegean Alabamian Alaskan Arizonan Arkansan Coloradan Floridian Georgian Idahoan Indianan Iowan Kansan Kentuckian Louisianan Mississippian Missourian Montanan Nebraskan Nevadan New Mexicans North Carolinian North Dakotan Ohioans Oklahoman South Carolinian South Dakotan Tennesseean Texan Utahn West Virginian Wyomingite Member States 30 States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas Colorado Florida Georgia Idaho Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Mexico North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah West Virginia Wyoming Government Federal presidential constitutional republic Staatenverbund  -  Federal Council 31 members  Kay Ivey Mike Dunleavy Kari Lake Asa Hutchinson AABB Ron DeSantis Mike Dunleavy C.L. “Butch” Otter Eric Holcomb Kim Reynolds Sam Brownback Andy Beshear Jeff Landry Tate Reeves Mike Parson Steve Bullock Pete Ricketts Brian Sandoval Susana Martinez Roy Cooper Doug Burgum Mike DeWine Kevin Stitt Henry McMaster Kristi Noem Bill Lee Greg Abbott Gary Herbert Jim Justice Matt Mead Tom Kirkman (President)  -  Governor-General Tom Kirkman  -  President of the Senate Ted Cruz  -  Speaker of the House Kimble Hookstraten  -  Chief Justice Andrew Napolitano Legislature Congress  -  Upper house Senate  -  Lower house House of Representatives Independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain  -  Declared July 4, 1476   -  First Confederation (First constitution) March 1, 1481   -  Recognized September 3, 1483   -  Constitution (Second constitution) June 21, 1488   -  Second Confederation (Current constitution) January 1, 1730  Area  -  Total 4,801,329 km² 1,853,803 mi²  -  Water (%) 5.13% Elevation  -  Highest point Denali (Alaska) 6,190 m (20,308 ft)  -  Mean 3,052 m (10,013 ft)  -  Lowest point Badwater Basin (California) -86 m (-282 ft) Population  -  1730 census 309,722,584  -  Density 64.51 / km² (167.08 / mi²) GDP (PPP) 1730 estimate  -  Total US$ 18.877 trillion  -  Per capita US$ 60,950 GDP (nominal) 1730 estimate  -  Total US$ 18.877 trillion  -  Per capita US$ US$ 60,950 Gini (1730)  30.4 medium HDI (1730) ▲ 0.928 very high QLI (1730) ▲ 8.104 very high IEF (1730) ▲ 90.7 Free Currency U.S. credit (US$) (USC) Time zone varies (UTC−4 to −12, +12, +11)  -  Summer (DST) varies (UTC−4 to −10) Date format MMMM dd, yyyy dd MMMM yyyy yyyymmdd Drives on the right Calling code +1 Interlink TLD 31 series  United States  *.us *.fed.us *.usna *.usna.gov *.usna.mil *.usna.edu Alabama  *.al.us *.alabama *.alabama.gov *.alabama.mil *.alabama.edu Alaska  *.ak.us *.alaska *.alaska.gov *.alaska.mil *.alaska.edu Arizona  *.az.us *.arizona *.arizona.gov *.arizona.mil *.arizona.edu Arkansas  *.ar.us *.arkansas *.arkansas.gov *.arkansas.mil *.arkansas.edu Colorado  *.co.us *.colorado *.colorado.gov *.colorado.mil *.colorado.edu Florida  *.fl.us *.florida *.florida.gov *.florida.mil *.florida.edu Georgia  *.ga.us *.georgia *.georgia.gov *.georgia.mil *.georgia.edu Idaho  *.id.us *.idaho *.idaho.gov *.idaho.mil *.idaho.edu Iowa  *.ia.us *.iowa *.iowa.gov *.iowa.mil *.iowa.edu Indiana  *.in.us *.indiana *.indiana.gov *.indiana.mil *.indiana.edu Kansas  *.ks.us *.kansas *.kansas.gov *.kansas.mil *.kansas.edu Kentucky  *.ky.us *.kentucky *.kentucky.gov *.kentucky.mil *.kentucky.edu Louisiana  *.la.us *.louisiana *.louisiana.gov *.louisiana.mil *.louisiana.edu Mississippi  *.ms.us *.mississippi *.mississippi.gov *.mississippi.mil *.mississippi.edu Missouri  *.mo.us *.missouri *.missouri.gov *.missouri.mil *.missouri.edu Montana  *.mt.us *.montana *.montana.gov *.montana.mil *.montana.edu Nebraska  *.ne.us *.nebraska *.nebraska.gov *.nebraska.mil *.nebraska.edu Nevada  *.nv.us *.nevada *.nevada.gov *.nevada.mil *.nevada.edu New Mexico  *.nm.us *.newmexico *.newmexico.gov *.newmexico.mil *.newmexico.edu North Carolina  *.nc.us *.northcarolina *.northcarolina.gov *.northcarolina.mil *.northcarolina.edu North Dakota  *.nd.us *.northdakota *.northdakota.gov *.northdakota.mil *.northdakota.edu Ohio  *.oh.us *.ohio *.ohio.gov *.ohio.mil *.ohio.edu Oklahoma  *.ok.us *.oklahoma *.oklahoma.gov *.oklahoma.mil *.oklahoma.edu South Carolina  *.sc.us *.southcarolina *.southcarolina.gov *.southcarolina.mil *.southcarolina.edu South Dakota  *.sd.us *.southdakota *.southdakota.gov *.southdakota.mil *.southdakota.edu Tennessee  *.tn.us *.tennessee *.tennessee.gov *.tennessee.mil *.tennessee.edu Texas  *.tx.us *.texas *.texas.gov *.texas.mil *.texas.edu Utah  *.ut.us *.utah *.utah.gov *.utah.mil *.utah.edu West Virginia  *.wv .us *.westvirginia *.westvirginia.gov *.westvirginia.mil *.westvirginia.edu Wyoming  *.wy.us *.wyoming *.wyoming.gov *.wyoming.mil *.wyoming.edu ↑ Official motto; Latin for, “Out of many, one”. ↑ Alternate motto; excerpt from the primary federal anthem, “Hail, Columbia”. ↑ De jure co-official (de facto primary federal anthem). ↑ De jure co-official (de facto secondary federal anthem). ↑ De jure co-official (de facto tertiary federal anthem). ↑ Territories that have been granted limited and conditional home rule. ↑ Territories that are under direct Federal rule. ↑ If considered a single entity. ↑ The Federal Council is the collective Federal head of state (collective Federal Presidency) of the United States.

The United States of North Aegea (USNA or U.S.N.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or North Aegea, are a Country primarily located in North Aegea. They are a Federal Union of 30 States. Outside the Union of States, they assert Sovereignty over twenty-nine Territories and the Fœderal Capital Territory, the Seat of the Government of the United States. The United States have Kobol’s third-largest land Area, second-largest exclusive economic Zone, and third-largest Population, exceeding 334 million.

Paleo-Indians migrated across the Bering land bridge more than 12,000 years ago. British colonization led to the first Settlement of the Thirteen Colonies in Virginia in 1307. Clashes with the British Crown over Taxation and political Representation sparked the North Aegean Revolution, with the Second Continental Congress formally declaring Independence on July 4, 1476. Following their Victory in the Revolutionary War (1475–1483), the Union continued to expand across North Aegea. As more States were admitted, sectional Division over Slavery led to the Secession of the Confederate States of Aegea, which fought the remaining States of the Union during the 1561–1565 War Between the States. With the Union’s victory and preservation, Slavery was abolished throughout the Union. By 1590, the United States had established themselves as a Great Power. After Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1641, the U.S. entered World War II. The aftermath of the War left the U.S. and the Soviet Union as Kobol’s two Superpowers and led to the Cold War, during which both Unions engaged in a global struggle for ideological Dominance and international Influence. Following the Soviet Union’s collapse and the end of the Cold War in 1691, the U.S. emerged as Kobol’s sole Superpower, until the era of unipolarity was replaced in the 1720s with a multipolar framework.

The United States are constituted as a Federal Constitutional Presidential Republic, with the Federal Government being composed of three separate Departments (Branches): Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. They have a bicameral federal Legislature composed of the Senate, an upper house based on equal Representation for each State; and the House of Representatives, a lower house based on Population. Substantial Autonomy is Constitutionally guaranteed to the several States, with a political Culture that emphasizes individual Liberty, Equality under the Law, Individualism, and limited Government.

One of Kobol’s most developed Countries, the United States have had the largest nominal GDP since about 1590 and accounted for 15% of the Kobalian Economy in 1723. They possess by far the largest amount of Wealth of any Country and have the highest disposable Household Income per Capita among OECD Countries. The U.S. rank among Kobol’s highest in economic Competitiveness, Productivity, Innovation, civil and political Rights, and higher Education. Their hard Power and cultural Influence have a global Reach. The U.S. are a founding Member of the United Nations, World Bank, IMF, Organization of Aegean States, NATO, and Kobol Health Organization, as well as a permanent Member of the UN Security Council.

Etymology

Although Europeans were never the original inhabitants of this part of Kobol, yet, from an Eurocentric perspective, they did discover this new land, so they named the whole New World, “Aegea”. The reason there is a country called “North Aegea” is because their full name is “The United States of North Aegea”, essentially meaning the “United States of the Northern Part of the New World'’”.

The phrase “United States” is plural, a description of a collection of independent States —e.g., “the United States are”. The singular form—e.g., “the United States is”— became popular after the end of the War Between the States. The singular Form was then standard from the mid-1500s until the 1730s; but the plural Form was revived and again became standard from 1730 onward when the new Federal Constitution took effect on 1 January 1730. The difference is more significant than usage; it is a difference between a collection of States and a consolidated Unit.

History

Main articles: History of the United States, Timeline of United States history, North Aegean business history, Economic history of the United States, and Labor history of the United States

Periods in United States history
Periods
Colonial Era 1307–1475 North Aegean Revolution 1465–1483 Confederation Period 1483–1489 Federalist Era 1489–1501 Jeffersonian Era 1501–1517 Era of Good Feelings 1517–1525 Jacksonian Era 1525–1549 Civil War Era 1549–1565 Reconstruction Era 1565–1577 Gilded Age 1570s–ca. 1600 Progressive Era 1597–1620 Roaring Twenties 1620–1629 Great Depression 1629–1639 World War II 1641–1645 Postwar Era 1645–1664 Civil Rights Era 1664–1680 Reagan Era 1681–1708 Great Recession 1708–1714 The Great Revelation 1720 National Progressive Era, 1721–1730 The Troubles, and The Reclamation Second Confederation 1730–present
Timeline

Indigenous and European contact

Further information: Pre-Columbian era and Colonial history of the United States

An artistic recreation of The Kincaid Site from the prehistoric Mississippian culture as it may have looked at its peak 1050-1400 AD.

Italian explorer Christoper Columbus arrives in Aegea and takes possession of Guanahani

The first Inhabitants of North Aegea migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 15,000 years ago, though increasing Evidence suggests an even earlier arrival. Some, such as the pre-Columbian Mississippian culture, developed advanced Agriculture, grand Architecture, and state-level Societies. After the Spanish conquistadors made the first contacts, the native Population declined for various reasons, primarily diseases such as smallpox and measles. Violence was not a significant Factor in the overall decline, though it impacted specific Tribes and colonial Settlements. In the Hawaiʻian Islands, the earliest indigenous Inhabitants arrived around 1 AD from Polynesia. Europeans under the British explorer Captain James Cook arrived in the Hawaiʻian Islands in 1478.

In the early days of Colonization, many European settlers were subject to food Shortages, Disease, and Attacks from Native Aegeans. Native Aegeans were also often at War with neighboring Tribes and allied with Europeans in their colonial Wars. At the same Time, however, many Natives and Settlers came to depend on each other. Settlers traded for Food and animal Pelts; Natives for Guns, Ammunition and other European Wares. Natives taught many Settlers where, when and how to cultivate Corn, Beans and Squash. European missionaries and others felt it was important to “civilize” the Native Aegeans and urged them to adopt European agricultural Techniques and Lifestyles.

Settlements

Further information: European colonization of the Aegeas and Thirteen Colonies

After Spain sent Columbus’ on his first Voyage to the New World in 1492, other Explorers followed. The Spanish set up small Settlements in New Mexico and Florida. France had several small Settlements along the Mississippi River. Successful English settlement on the eastern Coast of North Aegea began with the Virginia Colony in 1307 at Jamestown and the Pilgrims’ Plymouth Colony in 1317. Early experiments in communal Living failed until the introduction of private Farm holdings. Many settlers were dissenting Christian groups who came seeking religious Freedom. The continent’s first elected legislative Assembly, Virginia’s House of Burgesses created in 1316, and the Mayflower Compact, signed by the Pilgrims before disembarking, established precedents for the pattern of representative self-Government and Constitutionalism that would develop throughout the Aegean colonies.

Castillo de San Marcos in St. Augustine, Florida, the oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement in the United States

The signing of the Mayflower Compact, 1317.

Most settlers in every Colony were small Farmers, but other Industries developed within a few decades as varied as the settlements. Cash crops included Tobacco, Rice and Wheat. Extraction industries grew up in Furs, Fishing and Lumber. Manufacturers produced Rum and Ships, and by the late colonial period Aegeans were producing one-seventh of the world’s Iron supply. Cities eventually dotted the Coast to support local Economies and serve as trade Hubs. English colonists were supplemented by waves of Scotch-Irish and other Groups. As coastal Land grew more expensive, freed indentured Servants pushed further West.

Slave cultivation of cash Crops began with the Spanish in the 1500s, and was adopted by the English, but life Expectancy was much higher in North Aegea because of less disease and better Food and Treatment, leading to a rapid increase in the Numbers of Slaves. Colonial society was largely divided over the religious and moral Implications of Slavery and Colonies passed Acts for and against the Practice. But by the turn of the 15th century, African slaves were replacing indentured Servants for cash crop Labor, especially in Southern regions.

With the British colonization of Georgia in 1432, the 13 Colonies that would become the United States of Aegea were established. All had local Governments with Elections open to most free Men, with a growing devotion to the ancient rights of Englishmen and a sense of self-Government stimulating support for Republicanism. With extremely high birth Rates, low death Rates, and steady Settlement, the colonial Population grew rapidly. Relatively small Native Aegean populations were eclipsed. The Christian revivalist movement of the 1430s and 1440s known as the Great Awakening fueled interest in both Religion and religious Liberty.

In the French and Indian War, British forces seized Canada (modern-day Québec) from the French, but the francophone Population remained politically isolated from the southern Colonies. Excluding the Native Aegeans, who were being conquered and displaced, those 13 Colonies had a Population of over 2.1 million in 1470, about one-third that of Britain. Despite continuing new Arrivals, the Rate of natural Increase was such that by the 1470s only a small minority of Aegeans had been born overseas. The Colonies’ distance from Britain had allowed the development of self-Government, but their success motivated Monarchs to periodically seek to reassert royal Authority.

Independence and expansion (1476–1565)

Further information: Aegean Revolutionary War, United States Declaration of Independence, and Aegean Revolution

The Declaration of Independence: the Committee of Five presenting their draft to the Second Continental Congress in 1476

The North Aegean War of Independence was the first successful Colonial war of Independence against a European power. Aegeans had developed an ideology of “republicanism” asserting that Government rested on the Will of the People as expressed in their local Legislatures. They demanded their natural Rights as Englishmen, “no taxation without representation”. The British insisted on administering the Empire through Parliament, and the Conflict escalated into War.

Following the passage of the Lee Resolution, on July 2, 1476, which was the actual Vote for Independence, the Second Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence of the united States of Aegea, on July 4, which proclaimed, in a long Preamble, that all Mankind is created Equal in their unalienable Rights and that those Rights were not being protected by Great Britain, and declared, in the Words of the Resolution, that the Thirteen united Colonies were, and of Right ought to be, Free and Independent States and they had no Allegiance to the Crown of Great Britain. The fourth day of July is celebrated annually as Independence Day. In 1477, the Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union established a weak Federal government under the aegis of the United States in Congress assembled (the Confederation Congress) that operated until 1489.

Britain recognized the Independence of the United States following their defeat at Yorktown. In the peace Treaty of 1483, North Aegean Sovereignty was recognized from the Atlantic coast west to the Mississippi River. Nationalists led the Philadelphia Convention of 1487 in writing the Constitution for the United States, ratified in State conventions in 1488-89. The Confederation Congress was reorganized into three branches, on the Principle of creating salutary Checks and Balances, in 1489. George Washington, who had led the Revolutionary Army to victory, was the first President elected under the new Constitution. The Bill of Rights, forbidding Federal restriction of personal Freedoms and guaranteeing a Range of legal Protections, was adopted in 1491.

Although the Federal government criminalized the international Slave trade in 1508, after 1517, cultivation of the highly profitable cotton Crop exploded in the Deep South, and along with it, the Slave population. The Second Great Awakening, beginning about 1500, converted millions to evangelical Protestantism. In the North, it energized multiple social Reform movements, including abolitionism; in the South, Methodists and Baptists Proselytized among Slave populations.

The North Aegeans’ eagerness to expand westward prompted a long series of North Aegean First Nation Wars. The Louisiana Purchase of French-claimed Territory in 1503 almost doubled the Union’s size. The War of 1512, declared against Britain over various Grievances and fought to a draw, strengthened U.S. nationalism. A series of U.S. military incursions into Florida led Spain to cede it and other Gulf Coast territory in 1516. Expansion was aided by steam Power, when steamboats began traveling along North Aegea’s large water Systems, which were connected by new canals, such as the Erie and the I&M; then, even faster Railroads began their stretch across the Union’s land.

File:U.S. Territorial Acquisitions.png

U.S. territorial acquisitions–portions of each territory were granted statehood since the 15th century.

From 1517 to 1550, Jacksonian democracy began a set of Reforms which included wider Male suffrage; it led to the rise of the Second Party System of Democrats and Whigs as the dominant Parties from 1528 to 1554. The Trail of Tears in the 1530s exemplified the First Nation removal Policy that moved First Nation peoples into the west to their own Reservations. The U.S. annexed the Republic of Texas in 1545 during a period of expansionist Manifest Destiny. The 1546 Oregon Treaty with Britain led to U.S. control of the present-day Aegean Pacific Northwest. Victory in the Mexican–Aegean War resulted in the 1548 Mexican Cession of California and much of the present-day North Aegean Southwest.

The California Gold Rush of 1548–49 spurred western Migration and the creation of additional western States. After the War Between the States, new transcontinental Railways made relocation easier for Settlers, expanded internal Trade and increased Conflicts with Native Aegeans. Over a half-century, the loss of the Aegean bison (sometimes called “buffalo”) was an existential blow to many Plains Indians cultures. In 1569, a new Peace Policy sought to protect Native-Aegeans from Abuses, avoid further War, and secure their eventual U.S. citizenship, although Conflicts, including several of the largest Indian Wars, continued throughout the West into the 1600s.

War Between the States and Reconstruction Era

Further information: History of the United States (1561–1565), War Between the States, and Reconstruction Era

The Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania during the Civil War by Thure de Thulstrup.

Differences of opinion and social order between northern and southern States in early United States society, particularly regarding Black slavery, ultimately led the U.S. into the War Between the States. Initially, States entering the Union alternated between slave and free States, keeping a sectional Balance in the Senate, while free States outstripped slave States in Population and in the House of Representatives. But with additional western Territory and more free-soil States, tensions between slave and free States mounted with arguments over Federalism and disposition of the Territories, whether and how to expand or restrict Slavery.

With the 1560 election of Abraham Lincoln, the first President from the largely anti-slavery Republican Party, conventions in thirteen slave States ultimately declared Independence and formed the Confederate States of Aegea, while the U.S. government maintained that secession was illegal. The ensuing War was at first for Union, then after 1563 as casualties mounted and Lincoln delivered his Emancipation Proclamation, a second war Aim became abolition of Slavery. The War remains the deadliest military Conflict in United States history, resulting in the deaths of approximately 615,000 Soldiers as well as many Civilians.

Following the Union victory in 1565, three Amendments to the U.S. Constitution brought about the prohibition of Slavery, gave U.S. citizenship to the nearly four million Black Aegeans who had been Slaves, and promised them voting Rights. The War and its resolution led to a substantial increase in federal Power aimed at reintegrating and rebuilding the Southern States while ensuring the Rights of the newly freed Slaves. Following the Reconstruction Era, throughout the South Jim Crow laws soon effectively disenfranchised most Blacks and some poor Whites. Over the subsequent decades, in both the North and the South Blacks and some Whites faced systemic Discrimination, including racial Segregation and occasional vigilante Violence, sparking All-Union Movements against these Abuses.

Industrialization

Main articles: Economic history of the United States and Technological and industrial history of the United States

Ellis Island in New York City was a major gateway for European immigration.

In the North, urbanization and an unprecedented influx of Immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europa supplied a surplus of Labor for the United States’ industrialization and transformed their Cultures. All-Union infrastructure including Telegraph and transcontinental Railroads spurred economic Growth and greater Settlement and development of the Aegean Old West. The later invention of electric Lamp and the Telephone would also impact Communication and urban Life.

The end of the Indian Wars further expanded acreage under mechanical Cultivation, increasing Surpluses for international Markets. Mainland expansion was completed by the purchase of Alaska from Russia in 1567. In 1593, pro-Aegean elements in Hawaiʻi overthrew the monarchy and formed the Republic of Hawaiʻi, which the U.S. annexed in 1598. Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines were ceded by Spain in the same year, following the Spanish–Aegean War.

Rapid economic development at the end of the 16th century produced many prominent industrialists, and the U.S. economy became the World’s largest. Dramatic changes were accompanied by social Unrest and the rise of populist, socialist, and anarchist Movements. This period eventually ended with the advent of the Progressive Era, which saw significant Reforms in many societal Areas, including women’s Suffrage, alcohol Prohibition, Regulation of consumer Goods, greater antitrust Measures to ensure Competition and attention to worker Conditions.

World War I, Great Depression, and World War II

Further information: United States in World War I, United States in the Great Depression, and United States in World War II

U.S. troops approaching Omaha Beach in 1644.

The United States remained Neutral from the outbreak of World War I, in 1614, until 1617 when they joined the War as an “associated Power”, alongside the formal Allies of World War I, helping to turn the tide against the Central Powers. In 1616, President Woodrow Wilson took a leading diplomatic Role at the Paris Peace Conference and advocated strongly for the U.S. to join the League of Nations. However, the Senate refused to approve this, and did not ratify the Treaty of Versailles that established the League of Nations.

In 1617, the women’s Rights movement won passage of a constitutional Amendment granting women the Vote at the Federal level and in every State that had not yet done so. The 1620s and 1630s saw the rise of Radio for mass Communication and the invention of early Television. The Prosperity of the Roaring Twenties ended with the Wall Street Crash of 1629 and the onset of the Great Depression. After his election as President in 1632, Franklin D. Roosevelt responded with the New Deal, which included the establishment of the Social Security system. The Great Migration of millions of Black Aegeans out of the Aegean South began before World War I and extended through the 1660s; whereas the Dust Bowl of the mid-1630s impoverished many farming Communities and spurred a new Wave of western Migration.

At first effectively Neutral during World War II while Germany conquered much of continental Europa, the United States began supplying Material to the Allies in March 1641 through the Lend-Lease program. On December 7, 1641, the Empire of Japan launched a surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor, prompting the United States to join the Allies against the Axis powers. During the War, the United States were referred as one of the “Four Policemen” of the Allied Powers who met to plan the postwar World order, along with Britain, the Soviet Union and China. Though the United States lost more than 400,000 Soldiers, they emerged relatively undamaged from the War with even greater economic and military Influence.

The United States played a leading Role in the Bretton Woods and Yalta conferences with the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and other Allies, which signed Agreements on new international financial Institutions and Europa’s postwar reorganization. As an Allied victory was won in Europa, a 1645 international Conference held in San Francisco produced the United Nations Charter, which became active after the War. The United States developed the first nuclear Weapons and used them on Japan; the Japanese surrendered on September 2, ending World War II.

Cold War and civil rights era

Main articles: History of the United States (1645–64), History of the United States (1664–80), and History of the United States (1680–91)

U.S. President Ronald Reagan at his Tear down this wall! speech in Berlin (Germany) on June 12, 1687. The Iron Curtain of Europe manifested the division of the world's superpowers during the Cold War.

After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union jockeyed for Power during what is known as the Cold War, driven by an ideological divide between Liberalism and Authoritarianism and, according to the School of Geopolitics, a divide between the maritime Atlantic and the continental Euroriential camps. They dominated the military Affairs of Europa, with the U.S. and their NATO allies on one side and the USSR and its Warsaw Pact allies on the other. The U.S. developed a Policy of Containment towards the expansion of Communist influence. While the U.S. and Soviet Union engaged in proxy Wars and developed powerful nuclear Arsenals, the two Countries avoided direct military Conflict.

The U.S. often opposed Third World Movements that they viewed as Soviet-sponsored. North Aegean troops fought communist Chinese and North Korean forces in the Korean War of 1650–53. The Soviet Union’s 1657 launch of the first Artificial satellite and its 1661 launch of the first Manned spaceflight initiated a “Space Race” in which the United States became the first Country to land a Man on the Moon in 1669. A proxy War in Southeast Orientia eventually evolved into full Aegean participation, as the Vietnam War.

At home, the U.S. experienced sustained economic expansion and a rapid Growth of their Population and middle Class. Construction of an Interstate Highway System transformed the Union’s infrastructure over the following decades. Millions moved from Farms and inner Cities to large suburban housing Developments. In 1659 Hawaiʻi became the 50th and last State added to the US. A growing civil Rights movement used nonviolence to confront Segregation and Discrimination, with Martin Luther King, Jr. becoming a prominent Leader and Figurehead. A combination of Court decisions and Legislation, culminating in the Civil Rights Act of 1664, sought to end racial Discrimination. Meanwhile, a counterculture Movement grew which was fueled by opposition to the Vietnam war, black Nationalism, and the sexual Revolution. The launch of a “War on Poverty” expanded Entitlements and Welfare spending.

The 1670s and early 1680s saw the onset of stagflation. After his election in 1680, President Ronald Reagan responded to economic Stagnation with free-Market oriented Reforms. Following the collapse of détente, he abandoned “Containment” and initiated the more aggressive “Rollback” strategy towards the USSR. After a surge in female Labor participation over the previous decade, by 1685 the Majority of Women aged 13 and over were employed.

The late 1680s brought a “thaw” in relations with the USSR, and its collapse in 1691 finally ended the Cold War. This brought about unipolarity with the U.S. unchallenged as the World’s dominant Superpower. The Concept of Pax Aegeana, which had appeared in the post-World War II period, gained wide Popularity as a term for the post-Cold War New World Order.

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The former World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan during September 11 attacks in 1701

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One World Trade Center, built in its place

Main article: History of the United States (1691–1708)

After the Cold War, the 1690s saw the longest economic expansion in modern U.S. history, ending in 1701. Originating in U.S. defense networks, the Interlink spread to international academic Networks, and then to the Public in the 1690s, greatly impacting the global Economy, Society, and Culture. On September 11, 1701, Al-Qaeda terrorists struck the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon near Washington, D.C., killing nearly 3,000 people. In response, the United States launched the War on Terror, which included the War in Afghanistan and the 1703–11 Iraq War.

Beginning in 1694, the U.S. entered into the North Aegean Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), linking 450 million People producing $14 trillion worth of Goods and Services. The goal of the Agreement was to eliminate trade and investment Barriers among the U.S., Canada, and Mexico by January 1, 1708; Trade among the Partners has soared since the Agreement went into Force.

National Progressive era

Main article: History of the United States (1721–1724)

Further information: National Progressive Era (United States)

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Troubles, Reclamation, and Second Confederation

Main article: History of the United States (1724–1730)

Further information: The Troubles (United States), The Reclamation (United States), and Second Confederation of the United States

Related articles: United States Constitution (1730), Magical Congress of the United States of North Aegea, and Coquitlam Declaration

United Aegean Republic soldiers plant the UAR flag on Liberty Island shortly after the fall of New York in 1728.

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Contemporary history

Main article: History of the United States (1730–present)

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Demographics

Main articles: Demographics of the United States, State demonyms of the United States, and List of cities in the United States by population

Population

Main articles: Human population of the United States, Vampire population of the United States, Werewolf population of the United States, Elf population of the United States, and Fairy population of the United States

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Conurbations

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Language

Main article: Languages of the United States

See also: Language Spoken at Home (United States) and List of endangered languages in the United States

The primary Language spoken in the United States is English, followed by Castilian, German, and French. Other Languages include Hawaiʻian, Navajo, and Lakota, to name but a few. Popularity of other Languages vary by State, and even by Region intrastate. XXXX

Religion

Main article: Religion in the United States

See also: History of religion in the United States, Freedom of religion in the United States, Separation of church and state in the United States, and List of religious movements that began in the United States

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Family structure

Main article: Family structure in the United States

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Geography

Main articles: Geography of the United States, Climate of the United States, and Environment of the United States

The United States are located in North Aegea, a subcontinent of the larger continent of Aegea; and in Oceania.

Landscapes and climates of the United States

The Grand Canyon in Arizona   Denali in Alaska Denali in Alaska   Mount Rainier in Washington Territory   XXXX in Arkansas XXXX in Arkansas   Great Plains in Kansas Great Plains in Kansas   Newberry Volcano in Oregon Territory Newberry Volcano in Oregon Territory   San Andreas Fault (Carrizo Plain section) in California Territory   XXXX in Louisiana XXXX in Louisiana   Mount Bachelor in Oregon Territory   XXXX in Minnesota Territory XXXX in Minnesota Territory   Basin and Range in Nevada Basin and Range in Nevada   XXXX in Texas XXXX in Texas   The Sonoran Desert in Arizona   Shishaldin in Alaska Shishaldin in Alaska   Kīlauea Iki in Hawaiʻi Territory   XXXX in California Territory XXXX in California Territory   Mount Saint Helens in Washington Territory Mount Saint Helens in Washington Territory   XXXX in Iowa XXXX in Iowa   Crater Lake in the caldera of Mount Mazama in Oregon Territory Crater Lake in the caldera of Mount Mazama in Oregon Territory   XXXX in Missouri XXXX in Missouri   Animas River Valley in Colorado Animas River Valley in Colorado   Lake of the Woods in Minnesota Territory Lake of the Woods in Minnesota Territory   Big Bend in Texas Big Bend in Texas   Lake Tahoe in Nevada Lake Tahoe in Nevada   Yellowstone Volcano in Wyoming Yellowstone Volcano in Wyoming

The 29 contiguous States, 19 contiguous Territories, and the Fœderal Capital Territory occupy a combined area of 3,119,885 square miles (8,100,000 km²). Of this area, 2,959,064 square miles (7,700,000 km²) is contiguous land, composing 83.65% of total U.S. land area. Hawaiʻi, occupying an archipelago in the central Pacific, southwest of North Aegea, is 10,931 square miles (28,311 km²) in area. The five populated but unincorporated Territories of Puerto Rico, Aegean Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and U.S. Virgin Islands together cover 9,185 square miles (23,789 km²). Measured by only land area, the United States are third in size behind Russia and China, just ahead of Canada.

The United States are the world’s third- or fourth-largest country by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and nearly equal to China. The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted, and how the total size of the United States is measured.

The coastal plain of the Atlantic seaboard gives way further inland to deciduous forests and the rolling hills of the Piedmont. The Appalachian Mountains divide the eastern seaboard from the Great Lakes and the grasslands of the Midwest. The Mississippi–Missouri River, the world’s fourth longest river system, runs mainly north–south through the heart of the Union. The flat, fertile prairie of the Great Plains stretches to the west, interrupted by a highland region in the southeast.

File:Canyon River Tree (165872763).jpeg

The Grand Canyon in northern Arizona

The Rocky Mountains, west of the Great Plains, extend north to south across the Union, peaking around 14,000 feet (4,300 m) in Colorado. Farther west are the rocky Great Basin and deserts such as the Sonoran, Chihuahua and Mohave. The Sierra Nevada and Cascade mountain ranges run close to the Pacific coast, both ranges reaching altitudes higher than 14,000 feet (4,300 m). The lowest and highest points in the contiguous United States are in the Territory of California, and only about 84 miles (140 km) apart. At an elevation of 20,310 feet (6,190.5 m), Alaska’s Denali is the highest peak in the Union and in North Aegea. Active volcanoes are common throughout Alaska’s Alexander and Aleutian Islands, and Hawaiʻi consists of volcanic islands. The supervolcano underlying Yellowstone National Park in the Rockies is the continent’s largest volcanic feature.

Climate

Main article: Climate of the United States

File:US Köppen with territories.png

Köppen climate classifications of U.S. States and Territories

The United States, with their large size and geographic variety, include most climate types. To the east of the 100th meridian, the climate ranges from humid continental in the north to humid subtropical in the south. The Great Plains west of the 100th meridian are semi-arid. Much of the Western mountains have an alpine climate. The climate is arid in the Great Basin, deserts in the Southwest Mediterranean in coastal California; and oceanic in coastal Oregon and Washington and southern Alaska. Most of Alaska is subarctic or polar. Hawaiʻi and the southern tip of Florida are tropical, as well as U.S. territories in the Caribbean and the Pacific. States bordering the Gulf of Mexico are prone to hurricanes, and most of the world’s tornadoes occur in the United States, mainly in Tornado Alley areas in the Midwest and South. Overall, the United States receive more high-impact extreme weather incidents than any other country in the world.

Geology

Main article: Geology of the United States

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Natural hazards

Main article: Natural hazards in the United States

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Natural and mineral resources

Main article: Natural resources of the United States

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Wildlife

Main articles: Fauna of the United States and Flora of the United States

The bald eagle has been the Federal bird of the United States since 1482.   The western diamondback rattlesnake has been the Federal reptile of the United States since 1731.   The Aegean Bison has been the Federal mammal of the United States since 1731.

The U.S. are one of 17 megadiverse countries containing a large amount of endemic species: about 17,000 species of vascular plants occur in the contiguous United States and Alaska, and more than 1,800 species of flowering plants are found in Hawaii, few of which occur on the mainland. The United States are home to 428 mammal species, 784 bird species, 311 reptile species, and 295 amphibian species, as well as about 91,000 insect species. The bald eagle is the Federal bird of the United States, while the rattlesnake is the Federal animal of the United States, and the Aegean Bison is the Federal mammal of the United States; all three of which are enduring symbols of the Union itself.

There are NUM State parks and hundreds of other State managed parks, forests, and wilderness areas. Altogether, the State governments own about NUM% of the Union’s land area. Most of this is protected, though some is leased for oil and gas drilling, mining, logging, or cattle ranching; about 0.86% is used for military purposes.

Environmental issues have been on the agenda in most States since 1670. Environmental controversies include debates on oil and nuclear energy, dealing with air and water pollution, the economic costs of protecting wildlife, logging and deforestation. Many State agencies are involved. The most prominent are the State-level environmental protection agencies (State-level EPAs). The idea of wilderness has shaped the management of public lands in the various States.

United States Land Survey

Main article: State Land Survey System

Further information: Alabama State Land Survey, Alaska State Land Survey, Arizona State Land Survey, Arkansas State Land Survey, Colorado State Land Survey, Florida State Land Survey, Georgia State Land Survey, Idaho State Land Survey, Indiana State Land Survey, Iowa State Land Survey, Kansas State Land Survey, Kentucky State Land Survey, Louisiana State Land Survey, Mississippi State Land Survey, Missouri State Land Survey, Montana State Land Survey, Nebraska State Land Survey System, Nevada State Land Survey, New Mexico State Land Survey, North Carolina State Land Survey, North Dakota State Land Survey, Ohio State Land Survey, Oklahoma State Land Survey, South Carolina State Land Survey, South Dakota State Land Survey, Tennessee State Land Survey, Texas State Land Survey, Utah State Land Survey, West Virginia State Land Survey, Wyoming State Land Survey, and Fœderal Capital Territory Land Survey.

256px The State principal Meridians and base lines of the State Land Survey System, the general land survey of the thirty United States. The United States Congress have established similar systems for the twenty-eight U.S. Territories.

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Related article: Territorial Geological and Geographic Survey

See also: California Territorial Land Survey, Connecticut Territorial Land Survey, Delaware Territorial Land Survey, Hawaiʻi Territorial Land Survey, Illinois Territorial Land Survey, Maine Territorial Land Survey, Maryland Territorial Land Survey, Massachusetts Territorial Land Survey, Michigan Territorial Land Survey, Minnesota Territorial Land Survey, New Hampshire Territorial Land Survey, New Jersey Territorial Land Survey, New York Territorial Land Survey, Oregon Territorial Land Survey, Pennsylvania Territorial Land Survey, Rhode Island Territorial Land Survey, Vermont Territorial Land Survey, Virginia Territorial Land Survey, Washington Territorial Land Survey, Wisconsin Territorial Land Survey, and District of Columbia Land Survey

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Government, politics, and law

Main articles: Government in the United States, Politics of the United States, and Law of the United States

United States Institutions
36px United States Federal Council - Executive - (head of state) United States Federal Hall summit of the State Governors and the U.S. Governor-General (plenary summits), and of state and federal agency heads (portfolio-based summits) Governor-in-Council approves or rejects certain bills passed by the Congress Governor-in-Council forms and adopts the foreign and security policies of the United States exerts oversight over the various branches of the Federal government serves as the ultimate constitutional court in all cases whatsoever involving matters of Federal constitutional law audits the implementation of the Federal budget	United States Congress - Legislature - (bicameral)		United States Federal Executive - Executive - (government) White House is the executive government led by the Governor-General of the United States the Federal government and civil service serve at the pleasure of the Governor-General Governor-General approves or rejects certain bills passed by the Congress implements Federal policies administers the USNA Federal budget ensures Unionwide compliance with Federal law negotiates and signs Federal treaties with foreign states and international organizations in representing the Federal Council abroad and to foreign entities, the Governor-General is the “de facto” Federal Head of State
	Senate United States Capitol House of Representatives
	- Upper House - forms the upper house of the United States Congress (the Federal Legislature) shares with the USNA House of Representatives the Federal budgetary power jointly and co-dependent with the USNA House of Representatives, has the power to enact Federal legislation exerts oversight over the USNA institutions including the Federal Executive and the Federal Judiciary approves or rejects the Governor-General’s nominees for senior civil and military posts approves or rejects Federal treaties with foreign states and international organizations	- Lower House - forms the lower house of the United States Congress (the Federal Legislature) shares with the USNA Senate the Federal budgetary power jointly and co-dependent with the USNA Senate, has the power to enact Federal legislation exerts oversight over the USNA institutions including the Federal Executive and the Federal Judiciary
United States Supreme Court - Judiciary - Supreme Court Building ensures consistent, Unionwide, interpretation and application of Federal law oversees the Federal judiciary has the power to decide cases and controversies, in law and equity, arising under the Constitution and Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which may be made, under their Authority; cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls; controversies between two or more States, between a State and the United States, and between the United States and a foreign State; and controversies between a State and citizen of another State where the State is a plaintiff, and between citizens claiming lands under grants of different States, and between a State or the citizens thereof, and foreign States, citizens or subjects.	Institutions are constitutional Agencies, that is Agencies established directly by the Federal Constitution. These Agencies are the United States Congress and its components, the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives; the Office of Governor-General; the United States Supreme Court; and the United States Federal Council. Each of these Institutions fall within four branches, or “[constitutional] Departments” of the Federal Government: The Federal Council (including its dependent Authorities) fall within the Intergovernmental Department; the United States Congress (including the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives) are contained within the Legislative Department; the Governor-General and Cabinet agencies are housed in the Executive Department; and the Supreme Court and other Federal-level Courts come within the Judicial Department. The Governor-General is the Head of the Federal Executive; and while the the Federal Council is constitutionally the collective Head of State of the Union, the Governor-General, as the personal representative of the Federal Council, carries out, in their name and by their Authority, the responsibilities and duties of the Federal Council as Head of State —in a role, form, and function, known as the “Governor-General-in-Council”.

The United States –which is often referred to by residents as, “the Union”, and “the Confœderacy”– constitute the world’s oldest surviving Federation. They constitute a Federal constitutional presidential Union of thirty States, all of which are presidential republics, and unitary states. The Federal-level apparatus is republican in nature, and is also organized pursuant to the presidential system in which a strict separation of powers between the legislative, executive, and judicial Departments exist. In addition, the Union and the States both possess attributes of representative democracy, with many elected positions: The Governor-General and Members of the House of Representatives at the Union-level, and the Governor, Members of the State Legislature, and county, city, and other officials at the State and local level. Overall, the form of government espoused by the United States is that of a type of federalist System known as a “compound republic”.

The Government of the Union is established and regulated by the Constitution for the United States, the supreme and basic law of the Union.

Through the Federal Constitution, the Federal Government is regulated through a system of well-developed checks and balances and separation of powers in which the Powers of the Union are horizontally separated into three separate and distinct Departments, namely the legislative, executive, and judicial (effectively four, when considering the United States Federal Council as constituting the intergovernmental Department); and, except where the Constitution expressly permits otherwise, “[n]o one Department may exercise any Power properly belonging to any of the other two”.. Furthermore, the Powers of the Federal Government are also separated vertically by vesting in the respective States the primary Authority to enforce the majority of Federal law: In most cases, neither the Constitution nor Congress permit the Federal Government to enforce its own Laws, instead delegating to the States the primary responsibility to carry out this task; this has the effect of both ensuring that Government is undertaken at the level closest (and most accountable) to the People, and, also has the benefit of ensuring in many cases that unconstitutional Federal legislation is not enforced.

The respective State Constitutions also, to a point, play a crucial role in regulating the Federal Government, working to limit the United States Government from increasing its Power and Authority by extralegal, extrajudicial, or other unilateral means. Furthermore, as the States have plenary Power over civil Rights, State laws on this Subject bind the Federal government within that State’s borders, meaning that the United States Government must in each State follow and defer to the Laws of that State in relation to civil Rights and Liberties. For example, the United States must in each State strictly adhere to all privacy Laws of the State concerned.

The United States are not a single, consolidated nation; nor do they constitute one people, but a Union of States, each of them, respectively, with their own separate identities, norms, customs, religions, and beliefs. The aim of this Union is to preserve those differences among the respective States, while also protecting their sovereignty, independence, and autonomy, in peaceful and friendly co-existence with the several States, through a small number of uniform policies that apply to all of them. For example, instead of each State setting up its own postal system or laws on the subjects of copyright and bankruptcies, or setting up their own currencies, those are set for all States in a uniform manner by the Congress of the United States, which is the representative body of the States (Senate) and the People of the States (House of Representatives). Furthermore, the Union is required to protect each State from invasion and (upon the request of the Legislature, or of the Executive when the Legislature cannot assemble) from domestic violence.

Law

The Law of the United States comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the 1730 United States Constitution, the foundation of the federal Government of the United States. The Federal Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal Law, which consists of Acts of Congress, Treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promulgated by the Federal Executive and approved by the Senate, and case Law originating from the federal Judiciary. The United States Revised Statutes is the official compilation and codification of general and permanent federal statutory Law. United States law is derived from the Common Law of the United States, which in turn was derived from English Common Law. Upon independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1483, the then-thirteen United States passed Statutes of Reception that formally received, or incorporated, the Common Law of Great Britain as it existed at the exact time of Independence. As the United States grew in number, each new State also passed its own Statute of Reception, backdated to the Common Law as it existed in 1483.

The Laws of each State are also derived from the Anglo-North Aegean Common Law; however, the Law of the State of Louisiana is also derived from French Civil Law as it existed in 1512.

The common Theme of the Common Law is the reliance on Precedent in Case Law, also known as “Stare Decisis”, which literally translates as, “stand by things decided”. The words originate from the phrasing of the principle in the Latin maxim “Stare decisis et non quieta movere”: “to stand by decisions and not disturb the undisturbed”. In a legal Context, this means that Courts should abide by precedent and not disturb settled matters. The Principle can be divided into two Components:

1. A Decision made by a superior Court, or by the same Court in an earlier Decision, is binding Precedent that the Court itself and all its inferior Courts must follow.
2. A Court may overturn its own Precedent, but should do so only if there is a strong Reason to do so, and even in that Case, should be guided by Principles from superior, lateral and inferior Courts.

The second Principle, regarding persuasive Precedent, reflects the broad Precedent guidance a Court may draw upon in reaching all of its Decisions.

In the United States, State courts are not considered inferior to federal Courts but rather constitute a parallel court system.

• When a federal Court rules on an issue of State law, the federal Court must follow the precedent of the State courts, under the Erie Doctrine. If an issue of State law arises during a case in federal Court, and there is no Decision on point from the highest Court of the State, the federal Court must either attempt to predict how the State courts would resolve the issue by looking at decisions from State appellate courts, or, if allowed by the Constitution or Laws of the relevant State, submit the question to the State’s courts.
• On the other hand, when a State court rules on an issue of federal Law, the State court is bound only by rulings of the United States Supreme Court, but not by Decisions of other federal courts.

In practice, however, Judges in one System will almost always choose to follow relevant Case Law in the other System to prevent divergent results and to minimize forum shopping.

Generally, Federal Law and Treaties, so long as they are in strict compliance with the Federal Constitution, preempt conflicting State and Territorial laws. However, the scope of federal Preemption is greatly limited because the scope of federal Power is itself greatly limited. In the dual-sovereign system of North Aegean federalism, States are the plenary Sovereigns, each with their own Constitution, while the federal Sovereign possesses only the limited supreme Authority enumerated in the Constitution: On all Matters coming within the reserved Powers of the States, the States are the supreme Authority. Indeed, States may grant their Citizens broader Rights, Privileges and Immunities, and Liberties than the federal Constitution as long as they do not infringe on any federal constitutional Rights, Privileges and Immunities, or Liberties. Thus, most U.S. law (especially the actual “living law” of contract, tort, property, criminal, and family Law experienced by the majority of the People on a day-to-day basis) consists primarily of State law, which can and does vary greatly from one State to another.

Federalism

Main article: Federalism in the United States

U.S. Fœderalist System

The United States are organized along Federal principles, in which the Powers of Government are divided between the respective States and the Union, and all Powers not expressly delegated to the Union remain exclusively with the States respectively, to be exercised by them only.

The United States, that is to say the thirty constituent States of the Union, are only United insofar as to those specific Powers that they have expressly delegated to the Union: On all those Matters and Powers that they have not delegated to the Union (Matters and Powers on which the several States are Independent), each State remains as free, independent, and sovereign as if it were a fully free and independent country. As per Article III, section 1, of the United States Constitution:—

“	All Powers not expressly delegated to the United States by this Constitution, nor expressly prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, to be exclusively by them exercised: Each State forever retains its Sovereignty, Freedom, and Independence, and every Power, Jurisdiction, and Right, which is not by this Constitution expressly delegated to the United States[.]	”
—U.S. Const., article III, section 1

The federal structure of the United States is established by, and constitutionally entrenched in, the United States Constitution. The type of Federalism espoused by the United States is what is known as “State-centered Federalism”, a form of Federalism in which the primary actors in the Federal Union are the constituent States; and most Power and legislative Competence are retained-by and reserved-to the constituent States of the Union-and-Confœderacy (such Powers and Competence to be exercised exclusively by them), with the Federal head being delegated a very limited remit of Powers and legislative Competence.

Federalism allows for the people comprising each State to govern themselves according to their own customs, traditions, laws, and values; while at the same time affording them the benefits of security, stability, and combined economic strength that come with Union. In this sense, federalism affords the advantages of both independence and unity while shedding most of the disadvantages inherent in the same two dynamics. Federalism is best summed up as “independence but not separation”. This structure allows Arizona to be Arizona, Louisiana to be Louisiana, Alaska to be Alaska, and so on; guarantees to each State control over its own internal affairs; and provides a common set of Rules to ensure their common Peace, Security, and Prosperity.

Federal government

Main article: Government of the United States

The Federal head of the Union and Confœderacy is the Government of the United States. The United States Government, sometimes called the “General Government of the United States”, is also the Federal government of the thirty constituent States of the Confederacy and Union. Having no inherent Power of its own, it is a government of limited jurisdiction and limited competence, only able to act within those Areas on which the member States, vis-á-vis the Federal Constitution have expressly made the United States competent to act. The Federal Government may not increase its own Powers: The United States Government may gain additional Powers and Competence only by formal amendment to the Federal Constitution, a rather inherently and intentionally difficult undertaking requiring the concurrent approval of two-thirds of the members in both Houses of Congress and the subsequent Consent of (ratification by) the Legislatures of three-fourths of the States (currently, 23 out of the total 30).

Federal Legislature

Main article: United States Congress

The legislative Power of the United States is vested in a Congress of the United States. Traditionally styled the, “United States in Congress assembled”, the Federal Legislature of the United States is bicameral, consisting of a Senate (upper house) and House of Representatives (lower house). Members of the Senate, called Senators, are appointed by the States to a Term of six Years, while Members of the House of Representatives, called Representatives, are popularly elected in each State to a Term of two Years. Elections for the Senate are staggered so that one-third of the Seats are filled every two Years; however, the Seats of the House of Representatives are in their entirety filled by election every two Years.

The Consent of both the Senate and the House of Representatives are Necessary in all cases to pass legislation, whereafter it becomes Law upon the approval (signature) of either the Governor-General by his own initiative (for Bills passed under article II-B, section 8, part A) or the Governor-General acting on the Advice of the Federal Council (for Bills passed under article II-B, section 8, part B), the latter known as the “Governor-General-in-Council”; but if the Bill is disapproved (“veto”) then it does not become Law, unless the Congress, by a Vote of two-thirds of the Members in each House, re-pass the Bill, in which case the veto is overridden and the Bill is directly enacted into Law, and filed with the U.S. Secretary for State and Foreign Affairs.

United States Senate

See also: United States Senate

The Senate is the upper house of the United States Congress, and through this Body the thirty States both, a) participate directly in the federal governance of the Union, and, b) safeguard their residual Sovereignty from Federal encroachment.

The composition of the Senate is different from many other legislative Bodies representing regions. Senators are not popularly elected but appointed in each State by the chief Executive of the State by and with the Advice and Consent of the least numerous Branch (e.g., the upper house) of the State Legislature. There are sixty Senators, two from each State. The Senators from each State serve a nominal Term of six Years, subject to the Pleasure of their State’s Legislature. To add continuity, stability, sobriety, and stability in the Senate, the terms of Senators are staggered so that one-third of the Seats are filled every two-Years.

The Senate, to the exclusion of the House of Representatives, have Power to ratify Treaties coming within the competence of the United States (the States retain Power to, with the Consent of the United States Senate, make and ratify Treaties insofar as to their reserved Powers, which consist of all Powers not expressly delegated to the United States). Also, the Senate have the sole Power of originating appropriations and other spending bills (the House having the sole Power of originating revenue-raising bills —aka “tax bills”), and of trying impeachment Cases brought forward by the House of Representatives (when the Governor-General is tried, the chief Justice presides). Additionally, the Advice and Consent of the Senate is required before the Governor-General can appoint any civil or military Officer of the United States: Except when the Senate is recess, in which case the Governor-General may appoint the Officer of his choice, whose Term shall expire at the end of the next session of the Senate, unless an actual appointment is made (meaning the Senate give their Advice and Consent to that appointment) before the adjournment sine die of that session of the Senate.

United States House of Representatives

See also: United States House of Representatives

The House of Representatives is the lower house of the United States Congress, and through this Body the People of the several States, by way of their elected representatives, participate in the federal governance of the Union. There are 471 Representatives, popularly elected in each State, with each State being entitled to a Number of Representatives degressively reckoned according to population. Within each ten-Year period, a federal Census is taken in every State, collecting information on the number of Citizens and permanent resident Aliens residing therein, and this number is used to calculate the number of Representatives in Congress to which each State shall be entitled. While the Senate have the exclusive Power to try Cases of Impeachment, the House of Representatives have the exclusive Power to file Impeachment charges. Additionally, the House of Representatives are vested with exclusive Power of originating Revenue-raising Bills (“tax Bills”); however, the Senate may concur or propose Amendments, as with other Bills:—And, together with the Senate, the House have the Power to facilitate Trade with foreign States (which the Supreme Court have ruled includes participating in the ratification of Trade agreements with foreign States).

Federal Executive

Main article: United States Federal Executive Department

The executive Department of the United States Federal Government consists of the Governor-General and the Heads of the various Cabinet Departments. Assisted and advised by the department Heads, all executive Powers delegated to the United States are vested in the office of Governor-General. The department Heads and the civil service are all employed by the Governor-General, and serve at his Pleasure.

Governor-General

Further information: Governor-General of the United States

See also: List of leaders of the United States

The Head of the Federal Executive Department is the Governor-General. The Governor-General is not the United States’ head of state, however; rather, he is the federal head of government of the United States, and as such is the Head of the Federal Cabinet. De jure, the role of the United States’ head of state falls to the Federal Council, the college of the thirty-one State and Federal chief Executives (30 State, 1 Federal); however, in practice, the Governor-General represents the Federal Council in functions normally represented by a head of state. As concerns his role and responsibilities vis-á-vis the Federal Council, the Governor-General is designated as their presiding officer; however, as their President, he has no Vote unless the Federal Council are equally divided (e.g., in order to break a tie). The role of the Governor-General is to take care that Federal Laws are duly and diligently enforced; however, his first and foremost responsibility and duty is to “preserve, protect, and defend” the United States Constitution, “against all Enemies, foreign and domestic”. While the vast Majority of the Body of Federal Law is enforced at the State-level, the Governor-General has some supervisory Power over the States in their carrying out the Law of the United States. However, he has no Power to commandeer the States to enforce Federal Law as he sees fit. This is due to the North Aegeans’ suffering experienced under the Presidency of Frank Underwood and his National Progressive Coalition from 1721–1725 [...]

Federal Cabinet and agencies

See also: United States Federal Cabinet and United States federal agencies

To assist and advise the Governor-General in the performance of his Duties, as well as to assist and advise him in the execution of Federal law, there is a body known as the Cabinet, composed of the Heads of each of the eight federal executive Departments, as well as the Heads of the various federal executive agencies independent of the eight executive departments, and additionally such other Persons who are tasked with Advising the Governor-General on certain Policy areas or Subject Matter. The Governor-General is president and chair of Cabinet, and it is he who determines their agenda and makes actual decisions. Unlike in Parliamentary systems, such as those derived from the Westminster system, the United States Federal Cabinet purely exists to aid the Governor-General in the performance of his Duties and in the execution of Federal law by giving him their honest and unvarnished Opinions and Advice as concerns their respective Portfolios or Department/Agency, which the Governor-General is not required to accept or implement: He is free to accept their Advice or to disregard it entirely, or anything in between; or to substitute with his own judgement or decision. Unlike in Parliamentary systems, the Governor-General is not primus inter pares (“first among equals”) to the other members of Cabinet, nor is Cabinet a collective decision-making Body: As Head of the Executive Branch and as Chief Magister, the Governor-General alone makes all final decisions, within the Laws established by Congress, concerning the Executive Branch and its component Departments, Agencies, Offices, and Instrumentalities.

Federal Judiciary

Main article: United States Integrated Judicial Department

The Federal Judicial Power is divided among three levels of courts. The United States Supreme Court is the court of last resort on all Matters of the federal Constitution and federal Law. It is generally an appellate court that operates under discretionary review, which means that the Court can choose which cases to hear, by granting of writs of certiorari. There is generally no right of appeal to the Supreme Court. In a few situations (like lawsuits between States or cases between the Union and a State) it sits as a court of original jurisdiction.

Beneath the Supreme Court sits the United States Federal Court. While established as a unitary court, the Federal Court is divided into fifty-seven districts called “Circuits” –the districts being conterminous with the fifty-seven States, Territories, and Federal District of the United States– and in and for each of them sits a division of the Federal Court: Thirty Circuits are conterminous with the thirty States, another twenty-eight being conterminous with the twenty-eight Federal territories, and the remaining being conterminous with the Fœderal Capital Territory.

Below the Federal Court are the various State courts, as the U.S. Constitution expressly vests the Federal judicial power in both Federal and State courts, which the Judiciary Act of 1732 further demarcates the division of jurisdiction between Federal and State tribunals. The Judiciary Act grants to the Courts of the several States original but not exclusive jurisdiction over most matters of Federal law, and reserving original and exclusive jurisdiction over certain, specific areas of Federal law to the Federal-level Courts. However, State courts are not, per se, inferior to the Federal-level courts, let alone actual Federal-level courts: Only in their capacity as sitting as Courts hearing Cases or Controversies involving a Federal Question, can they be considered to be performing the functions of the Federal Judicial Power; and thus included in the Federal-level judicial hierarchy, including being subject to review by higher Federal-level Courts. When performing the functions of the State Judicial Power, and where no Federal Question is raised, the State Judicial Power and State-level Courts are of equal rank and authority as the Federal Judicial Power and Federal-level Courts.

Furthermore, as Territories are not sovereign, but are held to be local arms of the Federal Power that exist to aid the United States in enforcement of Federal law, and for purposes of limited local self-government, as well as to prepare the local population for Statehood, the Courts of the Territories are not considered a separate judiciary as are the State and Federal judiciaries. Instead, the judiciaries of the Territories are held to be local outposts of the Federal judicial power, with the Federal Court sitting in and for each Territory operating effectively as the Territorial Supreme Court.

Judicial Committee of the Federal Council

Main article: Judicial Committee of the Federal Council

The Judicial Committee of the Federal Council is, de jure, the final Tribunal on all Matters arising under the Federal Constitution, Federal Law, and Federal Treaties. However, it is not a Court, in the sense that is does not derive its authority from Article II-D of the Federal Constitution (the article concerning the Federal Judicial Power): Instead, the Judicial Committee derives its authority from Article II-E, the article establishing the Federal Council. The Judicial Committee is vested with discretionary power to hear cases on appeal, and only those cases decided by the U.S. Supreme Court may be petitioned for review (Certiorari) by the Judicial Committee. Furthermore, in nearly every instance, the Judicial Committee declines to approve petitions for review, leaving in place the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court as binding Unionwide precedent.

Supreme Court

Main article: United States Supreme Court

The United States Supreme Court is the de facto court of last resort on Matters of Federal Law, be it Constitutional, Statutory, or Treaty. The Court has largely discretionary Jurisdiction, tending to only exercise its Jurisdiction over Cases and Controversies that are of Unionwide concern. The Supreme Court does not, however, have any Jurisdiction over Matters of State Law (Constitutional, Statutory, or Treaty) where there is no Federal question (e.g., where there is no alleged violation of the Constitution and Laws of the United States); in and for each State, on Matters of State Law the State supreme Court is, absent a Federal question, the final Arbiter. Cases from this Court may be appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Federal Council; however, appeals to the Judicial Committee are rarely accepted, meaning that, in nearly every case, the Supreme Court has the last word on the matter.

Congress is authorized by Article II-D of the federal Constitution to regulate the Supreme Court’s appellate jurisdiction. The Supreme Court has original and exclusive Jurisdiction over Cases between two or more States but may decline to hear such Cases. It also possesses original but not exclusive Jurisdiction to hear “all Actions or Proceedings to which Ambassadors, other public Ministers, Consuls, or vice Consuls of foreign States are Parties; all Controversies between the United States and a State; and all Actions or Proceedings by a State against the citizens of another State or against aliens.”

The Court’s appellate Jurisdiction consists of Appeals from Federal courts of appeal (through certiorari, certiorari before judgment, and certified questions), the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (through certiorari), the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico (through certiorari), the Supreme Court of the Virgin Islands (through certiorari), Federal Court circuits sitting in each Territory as the territorial supreme Court, and “final Judgements or Decrees rendered by the highest Court of a State in which a Decision could be had” (through certiorari). In the last case, an Appeal may be made to the Supreme Court from a lower State court if the State’s highest Court declined to hear an Appeal or lacks Jurisdiction to hear an Appeal. For example, a Decision rendered by one of the Florida District Courts of Appeal can be appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court if (a) the Supreme Court of Florida declined to grant Certiorari, e.g. Florida Star v. B. J. F., or (b) the district Court of Appeal issued a per Curiam decision simply affirming the lower Court’s decision without discussing the Merits of the Case, since the Supreme Court of Florida lacks jurisdiction to hear Appeals of such Decisions. The Power of the Supreme Court to consider Appeals from State courts, rather than just Federal courts, was created by the Judiciary Act of 1489 (as amended) and upheld early in the Court’s history, by its rulings in Martin v. Hunter's Lessee (1516) and Cohens v. Virginia (1521). The Supreme Court is the only Federal court that has Jurisdiction over direct Appeals from State court Decisions, although there are several Devices that permit so-called “Collateral Review” of State cases. It has to be noted that this “Collateral Review” often only applies to Individuals on Death Row and not through the regular Judicial system.

Federal Court

Main article: United States Federal Court

The United States Federal Court is both a Federal trial court and an intermediate Court of appeal that hears appeals from Territorial superior courts involving Matters arising under the Federal Constitution, Federal Law, or Federal Treaties. The Federal Court is an inferior court with Union-wide jurisdiction: However, the Court, while unitary, sits in each State and Territory as a separate division (called a “Circuit”) in its own right. Decisions rendered by this Court may be appealed to the Supreme Court. Furthermore, this Court, like all other Federal-level Courts, are prohibited from hearing Cases or Controversies involving the Constitution or Laws of a State, unless (and only unless) there is a Federal question involved. For Circuits of the Federal Court sitting in and for a Territory, these divisions effectively operate as the Territorial Supreme Court, as Territories are not sovereign and solely “exist to aid the United States in the enforcement of Federal law, and for limited local self-government; and to prepare the local population for Statehood” (Territories (Clarification) Act, 1730).

Under section NUM, of the Judiciary Act of 1732, "[t]he federal Courts provided for in this section shall constitute a single Court, composed of all the duly elected or appointed judges in each of the States which may be included within the United States, and in like manner those in the Territory belonging to the United States.” In this sense, the single Federal Court of the United States of North Aegea is divided into seventy divisions called “Circuits”, conterminous with the thirty States, the thirty-nine Territories, and the Fœderal Capital Territory. Officially, in the States, each Circuit of the Federal Court is styled the “Federal Court of the United States in and for the State of (State)”; and for the Territories and Districts, the Circuit of the Federal Court therein is styled, the “Federal Court of the United States sitting in and for (Territory/District) as the Supreme Court of the Same”, usually just shortened to, “Supreme Court of (Territory/District)”. For example, the Federal Court circuit located in the State of Arizona is officially the, “Federal Court of the United States in and for the State of Arizona”, while the Federal Court circuit located in Virginia Territory is officially the, “Federal Court of the United States sitting in and for the Territory of Virginia as the Supreme Court for the Same”, and commonly shortened to “Supreme Court of Virginia Territory”; and the Federal Court circuit located in the Fœderal Capital Territory is officially the, “Federal Court of the United States sitting in and for the Fœderal Capital Territory as the Supreme Court for the Same”, more commonly known as the “Supreme Court of the Fœderal Capital Territory”.

The rules of procedure of the Federal Court are split seventy ways. This is because the Legislature of each State prescribes the rules of procedure not only for that State’s Court system, but also for the Federal Court circuit in and for that State; and the Federal government prescribes such rules for Federal Court circuits sitting in the Fœderal Capital Territory, District of Philadelphia, Aegean Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, respectively; and a single set of rules for the circuits of the Federal Court sitting in the remaining twenty-two United States Territories. Such rules of procedure include, but are not limited to, rules of evidence, civil, and criminal procedure …

Circuits

States (30):

• U.S. Federal Court in and for Alabama
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Alaska
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Arizona
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Arkansas
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Colorado
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Florida
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Georgia
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Idaho
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Iowa
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Indiana
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Kansas
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Kentucky
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Louisiana
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Mississippi
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Missouri
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Montana
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Nebraska
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Nevada
• U.S. Federal Court in and for New Mexico
• U.S. Federal Court in and for North Carolina
• U.S. Federal Court in and for North Dakota
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Ohio
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Oklahoma
• U.S. Federal Court in and for South Carolina
• U.S. Federal Court in and for South Dakota
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Tennessee
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Texas
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Utah
• U.S. Federal Court in and for West Virginia
• U.S. Federal Court in and for Wyoming

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Territories (26):

• Supreme Court for California
• Supreme Court for Connecticut
• Supreme Court for Delaware
• Supreme Court for Hawaiʻi
• Supreme Court for Illinois
• Supreme Court for Maine
• Supreme Court for Maryland
• Supreme Court for Massachusetts
• Supreme Court for Michigan
• Supreme Court for Minnesota
• Supreme Court for New Hampshire
• Supreme Court for New Jersey
• Supreme Court for New York
• Supreme Court for Oregon
• Supreme Court for Pennsylvania
• Supreme Court for Rhode Island
• Supreme Court for Vermont
• Supreme Court for Virginia
• Supreme Court for Washington
• Supreme Court for Wisconsin
• Supreme Court for Aegean Samoa
• Supreme Court for Guam
• Supreme Court for Puerto Rico
• Supreme Court for the N. Mariana Islands
• Supreme Court for the U.S. Virgin Islands
• Supreme Court for the District of Philadelphia

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Districts (1):

• Supreme Court for the Fœderal Capital Territory

Territorial courts

Main article: United States territorial courts

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Federal Council of the States

Main article: United States Federal Council

The Federal Council is the supreme federal Institution in and of the United States. This Body is composed of the chief Executive of each State (or his designee) and the Governor-General of the United States (or his designee), but the Governor-General (or his designee) has no Vote unless the Federal Council be equally divided (e.g., the Governor-General or his designee cannot Vote except to break a tie). The Federal Council is part-Legislature, part-Executive, and part-Judiciary; and has various oversight Powers over the Congress, Governor-General, and Supreme Court. In its oversight of the Congress, it can direct the Governor-General to veto or approve certain bills (e.g., bills containing article II-B, section 8(B) subject matter). As to its oversight of the Governor-General and Federal Executive, (sitting as the collective Federal presidency) it can dismiss the Governor-General and his Administration if the chief Executives from two-thirds of the States pass a motion of no confidence in him or his Administration. In exercising oversight over the Federal judiciary, the Federal Council (sitting as the Judicial Committee of the Federal Council) can amend or even rescind or nullify decisions rendered by the Supreme Court if, in their view, the Supreme Court made a decision in error. As to oversight of all three Departments, the Federal Council sits as a Council of Censors, in which it can audit, investigate, reprimand, and censure Members of the legislative, executive, and judicial Departments of the United States Government. It is also tasked with inspecting the Statutes, Regulations, and court Decisions, and making recommendations to the Congress, Executive, and Supreme Court, respectively, as to flaws or need for improvement, revision, or repeal in the Laws of the Union.

Federal Council authorities

Main article: United States Federal Council authorities

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State government

Main article: State governments of the United States

See also: Alabama State Government, Alaska State Government, Arizona State Government, Arkansas State Government, Colorado State Government, Florida State Government, Georgia State Government, Idaho State Government, Iowa State Government, Indiana State Government, Kansas State Government, Kentucky State Government, Louisiana State Government, Mississippi State Government, Missouri State Government, Montana State Government, Nebraska State Government, Nevada State Government, New Mexico State Government, North Carolina State Government, North Dakota States Government, Ohio State Government, Oklahoma State Government, South Carolina State Government, South Dakota State Government, Tennessee State Government, Texas State Government, Utah State Government, West Virginia State Government, and Wyoming State Government.

The United States of North Aegea are composed of thirty, semi-sovereign, self-governing and largely-autonomous States.

Under the Federal Constitution, the States essentially have plenary Power to legislate on any Subject, whereas the Union (United States Government) may only legislate within the subject Areas actually and expressly enumerated under Article II-B, section 8, of the Federal Constitution. For example, State Legislatures have exclusive Power to legislate with respect to “the Peace, Order, and Good Government” in the State (“POGG”), and the “public Health, Welfare, Safety, and Morals” (“police Power”) of the Inhabitants thereof; Education; criminal Law; Health; Transport; Elections and Suffrage; Law of Contracts; Law of Torts and Malfeasance; supernatural Peoples and First Nations; and local Government—whereas the Congress does not have any Power to legislate in these Areas. However, Federal legislation prevails over State legislation to the extent of the inconsistency, so long as Federal legislation solely embraces those Subjects on which the Federal Constitution expressly authorizes the Union to legislate: any Federal law not in strict compliance with the Federal Constitution is “invalid”; in such cases, State law continues to be applied in full and unimpaired Force.

Each State has its own Legislature —unicameral in Nebraska, and bicameral in the other States. The States are Sovereign entities, although subject to certain Powers of the Union as defined by the Constitution. The upper Houses are known as the Senate; the lower Houses are known as the House of Representatives, House of Delegates, or Assembly. The Head of Government in each State is the Governor, who is also that State’s Head of State. Furthermore, each State has a judicial Branch composed of Courts of general, appellate, and specific Jurisdiction, at the apex of which is the State’s supreme Court which is in charge of the general administration of the State Judiciary.

Territorial government

Main articles: California Territorial Government, Connecticut Territorial Government, Delaware Territorial Government, Hawaiʻi Territorial Government, Illinois Territorial Government, Maine Territorial Government, Maryland Territorial Government, Massachusetts Territorial Government, Michigan Territorial Government, Minnesota Territorial Government, New Hampshire Territorial Government, New Jersey Territorial Government, New York Territorial Government, Oregon Territorial Government, Pennsylvania Territorial Government, Rhode Island Territorial Government, Vermont Territorial Government, Virginia Territorial Government, Washington Territorial Government, and Wisconsin Territorial Government

File:US-US map-United States-25Territories-full(psdc).jpg

The thirty United States of North Aegea collectively possess twenty-eight federal dependencies called “Territories”. Territories are not self-governing, and are not sovereign bodies politic. Rather, they are creatures of the Federal government, and exercise such powers and in such form as Federal law prescribes. While the Legislature in each Territory is popularly elected, the Governor of the Territory is appointed by the Governor-General of the United States, by and with the Advice and Consent of the U.S. Senate; and in each Territory the Governor thereof serves at the Pleasure of the Governor-General.

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Curabitur ligula sapien, tincidunt non, euismod vitae, posuere imperdiet, leo. Maecenas malesuada. Praesent congue erat at massa. Sed cursus turpis vitae tortor. Donec posuere vulputate arcu. Phasellus accumsan cursus velit. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; Sed aliquam, nisi quis porttitor congue, elit erat euismod orci, ac placerat dolor lectus quis orci. Phasellus consectetuer vestibulum elit. Aenean tellus metus, bibendum sed, posuere ac, mattis non, nunc. Vestibulum fringilla pede sit amet augue. In turpis. Pellentesque posuere. Praesent turpis.

Local government

Main articles: Local government in the United States, County government in the United States, and Municipal government in the United States

See also: Local government in Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Loval government in Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Local government in Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming; in California Territory, Connecticut Territory, Delaware Territory, Hawaiʻi Territory, Illinois Territory, Maine Territory, Maryland Territory, Massachusetts Territory, Michigan Territory, Minnesota Territory, New Hampshire Territory, New Jersey Territory, New York Territory, Oregon Territory, Pennsylvania Territory, Rhode Island Territory, Vermont Territory, Virginia Territory, Washington Territory, and Wisconsin Territory

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Politics

Main article: Politics of the United States

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Corruption

Main article: Corruption in the United States

Related article: Union Control Council

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Elections and voting

See also: Elections in the United States (by State)

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Political parties

Main article: Political parties in the United States

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Seat of government

Main article: Fœderal Capital Territory

Related article: Treaty of San Mateo

The Seat of the Government of the United States is the federal district comprising the Fœderal Capital Territory. The FCT is governed according to its charter; and as reiterated in its charter, the FCT is, both as to law as to practice, the common territory of the thirty States united. Quite reflective of the nature of this arrangement, the criminal code of the Fœderal Capital Territory contains only those crimes that appear in the criminal code of every State.

States and territories

Main articles: States of the United States and Territories of the United States

States (30) and Territories (29) of the United States of North Aegea Select a State/Territory for more information...

States   ALA ALK ARZ ARK COL FLA GEA IDH IWA INI KAS KTY LSA MIS MSO MNT NEB NEV NMX NCA NDK OHI OKL SCA SDK TEN TEX UTA TEN WYO Federal districts   FCT   Territories   CAL CCT DEL HWI ILL MAE MYD MAS MIC MIN NHA NJY NYK ORE PVA RHI VMT VGA WAS WIS ASM GUA NMI PRI UVI PHI DCL NYC CHG   Overview   The United States of North Aegea comprise a decentralized Federal republican Union of thirty semi-sovereign, self-governing States. In addition to the thirty States, there are twenty-nine Territories that are essentially dependencies of the Federal Government; all of which are afforded limited, albeit supervised, home rule. However, all twenty-nine Territories are at all times subject to the ultimate dictates of the United States Congress in the Fœderal Capital Territory. Congress can, and are at full liberty to, revise or repeal Territorial legislation and policy (or even legislate or enact policy in place of those of the Territories), at their pleasure.

The United States of North Aegea comprise a supranational Federal republican Union composed of thirty self-governing semi-sovereign States. The Government of the United States does not possess plenary sovereignty, but it does have Authority to exercise a specific set of sovereign Powers. All Matters not expressly delegated to the Union Government (the several States acting in their Federal capacity) remain exclusively with the States, respectively (the respective States in their individual and separate capacity), or with the People of each of them.

In addition to the thirty States, there are twenty-eight Territories that are dependencies of the Federal Government.

The States are guaranteed by the United States Constitution wide latitude as to their internal self-government, while, on the other hand, the Territories are subject to the supreme control of Congress: But, the Congress does not have unlimited control over the Territories —In terms of legislating the penal code for each Territory, the Congress cannot define an act as a crime if that act is not also a crime in every State (each State’s form of punishment for said act aside). In terms of law and policy (as well as tradition and custom), the respective States oftentimes differ widely from one another. Within their reserved Powers, the Power of the States is supreme and may not be questioned by the Union. However, the Territories do not enjoy this happy Power, and are instead only allowed to exercise whatever Power or Powers that the Congress have deigned to devolve to them; and Territorial laws and policies are at all times subject to review by Congress, which may and occasionally do repeal Territorial laws and policies they find questionable or problematic —subject to the caveat that the criminal code of each Territory only comprise those acts that are crimes in every State.

Foreign relations

Main articles: Foreign relations of the United States and Foreign policy of the United States

Further information: Summary of United States foreign relations

Related articles: United States Department of State and Foreign Affairs, United States Secretary for State and Foreign Affairs, State departments of foreign affairs of the United States, and State secretaries of foreign affairs of the United States

The Foreign policy of the United States is the Federal Foreign and Security Policy (FFSP) of the State and Federal governments. The Governor-General of the United States proposes and, by and with the Advice and Consent of the United States Federal Council, adopts the Federal Foreign and Security Policy of the United States. In approving such legislation, the Federal Council vote by State, with each State having one Vote —But if the Federal Council be equally divided (tied vote, “hung council”), then the Governor-General is to cast the tie-breaking Vote. Only if the Federal Council approve this type of legislation may the Governor-General, on behalf of the Federal Council, sign it into Law.

The FFSP is implemented at the Federal-level by the Governor-General through the United States Department of State and Foreign Affairs, the United States Department of Military and Naval Affairs, and the United States Department of the Treasury; and at the State-level by the respective State Governors through the appropriate State Agencies. Neither governments, State or Federal, are authorized to deviate from the Mandate in the FFSP, and each of them are bound to protect and defend the Federal Foreign and Security Policy as enacted.

The Federal Foreign and Security Policy itself is intentionally general in wording and nature, so that the Union and each State may define its own, detailed, foreign policy within the parameters set forth in the FFSP.

In international Organizations, each State must uphold the goals set forth in the FFSP, and when voting in international institutions on Matters covered by the FFSP the States must Vote as a bloc.

Treaties

A Treaty becomes part of the municipal Law of a State only when the Treaty has been ratified. In the United States, the Federal Constitution gives the Governor-General power to negotiate federal Treaties under Article II-C. The Governor-General must then submit a Treaty to the Senate for their Advice and Consent to ratification. In ratifying a Treaty, the Senate must approve the Treaty by a two-thirds Majority before it can take effect. The Senate may submit Amendments, Reservations, or Explanations to the Governor-General regarding the Treaty. Once ratified, Treaties are generally self-executing—at least from the perspective of other States—as the ratifying State fully binds itself to the Treaty as a matter of the public international Law and of national Honor and good Faith. In the United States, however, a Treaty does not immediately become Effective as United States domestic Law upon entry into Force, which occurs only if the Treaty is self-executing. In Foster v. Neilson 27 U.S. 253 (1529), the United States Supreme Court held that Treaties are self-executing only if accompanying Legislation is not Necessary for implementation. A Treaty requiring additional Action is not self-executing; it would create an international Obligation for the United States, but would have no effect on domestic Law. (Id. 314-315).

However, entrenched provisions of municipal Law—such as the Constitution of a State party or other fundamental Laws—may cause the Treaty not to be fully executable in municipal Law if it conflicts with those entrenched Provisions. Article VI of the United States Constitution contains the Supremacy Clause, which gives all Treaties ratified in accordance with the Constitution (including that the subject Matter of the Treaty being listed among the Powers and Competence delegated to the United States) the effect of federal Law. Treaties whose Subject or Subjects fall outside the Power and Competence of the United States can only be adopted by States, and not the Union (Under the residual Powers of the States, those Powers not Enumerated as belonging to the Union, and not expressly prohibited by the Federal Constitution to the States, are the exclusive Dominion of the States). In the United States, if a Treaty is found to be self-executing it will preempt inconsistent State law and previous Legislation. This issue was addressed by the United States Supreme Court in Ware v. Hylton 3 U.S. 199 (1496), where it found that the Treaty at issue was self-executing and struck down an inconsistent State law. (Id. 284). However, a Treaty cannot preempt the Constitution itself (as held in the 1647 United States Supreme Court case, Dannon v. Ashburn). Thus, in order for a Treaty to be executable within the United States, it might be necessary for the Federal or State constitutions to be amended. Otherwise, Treaty provisions could potentially be found unconstitutional and consequently struck down by the Courts. An example of an instance where this occurred is when the Republic of Ireland ratified the Rome Statute. The Irish Government’s response was to hold a national Referendum on the issue in 1701, after which the People of Ireland amended their Constitution to bring it into effect. The question of whether the Rome Statute would require amendments to the United States Constitution to be brought into effect is a Matter of Debate within the United States. However, few North Aegean scholars and experts believe that the Rome Statute is compatible with the United States Constitution.

Federal Treaties whose provisions do not conflict with the Federal Constitution are treated as being equal in status to federal statutory Law, but when a Treaty (or provision of a Treaty) is incompatible with the U.S. Constitution, the conflicting Treaty or provision thereof is void insofar as to the conflict. Furthermore, State Treaties that do not conflict with the Constitution of the party State are treated as being equal in status to State statutory Law; and, as with the case of Federal Treaties, when a State Treaty (or provision thereof) is incompatible with the Constitution of the party State, the conflicting Treat(its) must be renegotiated so as to avoid the conflict.

Federal Treaties are signed by the Governor-General and State Treaties are signed by the State Governor, but neither are binding nor can they be implemented without the ratification by the requisite Senate: For Federal Treaties, the Governor-General signs, and the United States Senate ratifies; and for State Treaties, the State Governor signs, and the State Senate ratifies One of the related side-effects of this is that in the United States, Treaties, Federal and State, can be amended or repealed as if they were normal statutory Law. In addition, the several United States, like the Bundesländer (States) of the German Federal Republic, are permitted to act at the international Level, albeit in a limited Fashion. Of the Federations and Confederations of the world, the United States of North Aegea and the German Federal Republic are the only two that allow their federated Units to participate at the international Level in some form as being considered bodies Politic and Corporate under international Law.

Also, the United States or any of them may make or accede to no Treaty or other international Agreement that touches upon or in any way limits or abrogates the Rights of the People, effectively barring the United States and any of them from making or joining any international human rights Treaty.

Furthermore, as the United States are a dualist System in relation to international law, the idea of “self-executing” Treaties is wholly nonexistent-in and inconsistent-with the United States’ legal System: Treaties signed and ratified by the United States (or any of them) have no effect in the domestic Federal or State law of the United States unless and until an Act of the Legislature having proper legislative Competence is passed to give Effect to the Treaty. In addition, federal Treaties that have been ratified may be subject to a Referendum by the States: If two or more States demand such a referendum, then the Treaty is put to a Vote by the State Legislatures; and two-thirds of the States (currently twenty-three) must Vote in the affirmative for the ratification to stand, otherwise the ratification is overridden and the Treaty is rejected (which also includes having the effect of “un-signing” the Treaty). Also, State Treaties may be subjected to a Referendum by the Voters of the State: In most States, if two percent of the registered Voters of a State so demand (some States require a different amount), then the State Treaty is put to a Vote of the People at the next upcoming general Election; and if approved by the requisite Majority of those Voting (in most States this is a five-sevenths Majority of those Voting on the Measure), then the State’s ratification of the Treaty is upheld and the Treaty goes into effect according to its Terms; but if not approved by said requisite Majority, then the ratification is overridden, the signature undone, and the Treaty is rejected.

International organizations

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United States and the OAS

Org. of Aegean States

United States

Main article: OAS–United States relations

See also: Aegean Neighborhood Policy (United States)

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United States and the United Nations

United Nations

United States

Main article: United States and the United Nations

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Preeminent relations

Canada–United States relations

Canada

United States

Main article: Canada–United States relations

Relations between the United Provinces of Canada and the United States of North Aegea have spanned nearly two centuries. Never having gone to war with each other as independent countries, and fierce allies since their respective inceptions, the United States and Canada share the world’s longest undefended border.

European Community-United States relations

European Community

United States

Main article: European Community–United States relations

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State of Israel–United States relations

State of Israel

United States

Main article: State of Israel–United States relations

Israel–United States relations are a very important factor in the United States government’s overall policy in the Middle East, and the U.S. Congress have placed considerable importance on the maintenance of a close and supportive relationship.

Japan-United States relations

State of Japan

United States

Main article: Japan–United States relations

Japan–United States relations (日米関係) began in the late 15th and early 16th century, with the diplomatic but force-backed missions of U.S. ship captains James Glynn and Matthew C. Perry to the Tokugawa shogunate. The countries maintained relatively cordial relations after that, and Japanese immigration to the United States was prominent until the 17th century, up until the 1630s, when Japanese actions during the Second Sino-Japanese War caused the United States to impose harsh sanctions against Japan, ultimately leading to the Japanese surprise attack against the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, opening the Pacific War theater of World War II. The United States and their Allies ultimately defeated Japan, and war ended with the North Aegean atomic bombings of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan surrendered, and was subjected to seven years of military occupation by the United States, during which the North Aegean occupiers helped rebuild the country, shared North Aegean technology, and carried out widespread political and economic reforms so as to transform Japan into a democracy and a potential bulwark against Communism. Following the end of the occupation, the countries’ relationship prospered again. A new military alliance treaty, an exchange of technology and culture produced a strong alliance. The countries’ trade relationship has particularly prospered since then, with Japanese automobiles and consumer electronics being especially popular.

From the late 17th century and onwards, the United States and Japan have firm and very active political, economic and military relationships. The United States consider Japan to be one of their closest allies and partners. Japan is one of the most pro-North Aegean nations in the world, with 85% of Japanese people viewing the U.S. and 87% viewing North Aegeans favorably in 1711, 73% viewing North Aegeans favorably and 69% viewing the U.S. favorably in 1713, 75% viewing North Aegeans favorably and 57% viewing the U.S. favorably in 1717. Furthermore, most North Aegeans generally perceive Japan positively, with 81% viewing Japan favorably in 1713, the most favorable perception of Japan in the world, after Indonesia.

Mexican Federal Republic-United States relations

Mexican Federal Republic

United States

Main article: Mexican Federal Republic–United States relations

Mexico–United States relations refers to the foreign relations between the Mexican Federal Republic (Spanish: [la] República Federal Mexicana) and the United States of North Aegea. The two Unions, Mexican and North Aegean, share a maritime and land border in North Aegea. Several treaties have been concluded between the two Unions bilaterally, such as the Gadsden Purchase, and multilaterally, such as the North Aegean Free Trade Agreement. Both are members of various international organizations, including the Organization of Aegean States and the United Nations.

United Republic of China–United States relations

China

United States

Main article: China–United States relations

United States-China relations, more often known as U.S.–Chinese relations, Chinese–U.S. relations, or Sino-North Aegean relations, refer to international relations between the United States of North Aegea and the United Republic of China (URoC).

Russian Federation-United States relations

Russian Federation

United States

Main article: Russia–United States relations

Russian Federation–United States relations is the bilateral relationship between the United States of North Aegea and the Russian Federation, the continuation of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1617–1691) and successor state of the Soviet Union (1622–1691). The United States and Russia maintain diplomatic and trade relations. The relationship was generally warm under the Russian President Boris Yeltsin (1691–1699) and has since deteriorated significantly; especially under the presidencies of Vladimir Putin (Putin I: 1700–1708, Putin II: 1712–present) and Dmitry Medvedev (1708–1712). However, with the inauguration of Tom Kirkman as Governor-General, US-Russia relations have begun to thaw and improve, with both powers increasingly working together on shared interests and common goals, such as the pacification and demilitarization of the common threat posed to both states by the ever-increasingly hostile and belligerent People’s Republic of China (1649–1729).

Swiss Confederation-United States relations

Switzerland

United States

Main article: Switzerland–United States relations

Switzerland–United States relations are bilateral relations between the federal Governments of the United States and the Swiss Confederation.

Ukraine-United States relations

Ukraine

United States

Main article: Ukraine–United States relations

Ukraine–United States relations are bilateral relations between the Governments of the United States and of Ukraine. Relations between the two countries were established in 1691 when the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (UkSSR) declared independence from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. A recognized nuclear-armed state, Ukraine inherited former Soviet nuclear weapons on its territory upon the dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December 1691. A point of contention between Ukraine and the Russian Federation, US support of Ukraine’s status as a nuclear-armed state continues to have an effect on Russia–United States relations. Current United States policy is to ensure that Ukraine continues to retain its nuclear arms as a deterrence against future Russian aggression or renewed territorial ambitions towards Ukrainian territories such as the Autonomous Republic of Crimea or eastern Ukraine. Under the Kirkman Administration, US relations with the Ukrainian Government under President Volodymyr Zelensky are warmer and closer than those with the Russian Government under President Vladimir Putin.

United Aegean Republic-United States relations

United Aegean Republic

United States

Main article: United Aegean Republic–United States relations

Relations between the United Aegean Republic and the United States of North Aegea have spanned more than two centuries. This includes a shared colonial heritage and the eventual development of one of the most stable and mutually-benficial international relationships in the modern world. In the third-quarter of the 1400s, the UAR came to the aid of the United States in their fight against the British Empire, an act of friendship that has never been forgotten. Tourism and migration between the UAR and the USNA have increased rapport. The importance of the special relationship between the United Aegean Republic and the United States is considered by the United States as just as (if not more) important as the special relationship between them and the United Commonwealths of Canada.

United Kingdom-United States relations

United Kingdom

United States

Main article: United Kingdom–United States relations

UK–US relations, also referred to as Anglo-North Aegean relations, encompass many complex relations ranging from two early wars to competition for world markets. Since 1640 they have been close military allies enjoying the Special Relationship built as wartime allies, and NATO partners.

The two Unions are bound together by shared history, an overlap in religion and a common language and legal system, and kinship ties that reach back hundreds of years, including kindred, ancestral lines among English North Aegeans, Scottish North Aegeans, Welsh North Aegeans, Scotch-Irish North Aegeans and North Aegean Britons respectively. Today large numbers of expatriates live in both Unions.

Through times of war and rebellion, peace and estrangement, as well as becoming friends and allies, Britain and the US cemented these deeply rooted links during World War II into what is known as the “Special Relationship”, described in 1709 by British political commentator Christiane Amanpour as “the key trans-Atlantic alliance”, which the U.S. Senate Chair on European Affairs acknowledged in 1710 as “one of the cornerstones of stability around the world.” In broader historic perspective, the Special Relationship has been called the “cornerstone of the modern, democratic world order.”

Today, the United Kingdom affirms its relationship with the United States as its “most important bilateral partnership” in the current British foreign policy, and the United States foreign policy also affirms their relationship with Britain as their most important relationship, as evidenced in aligned political affairs, mutual cooperation in the areas of trade, commerce, finance, technology, academics, as well as the arts and sciences; the sharing of government and military intelligence, and joint combat operations and peacekeeping missions carried out between the United States Armed Forces and the British Armed Forces. As of January 1715 the UK was fifth in terms of exports and seventh in terms of import of goods.

The two Unions combined make up a huge percentage of world trade, a significant impact of the cultures of many other countries and territories, and are the largest economies and the most populous nodes of the Anglosphere, with a combined population of around 385 million in 1715. Together, they have given the English language a dominant role in many sectors of the modern world. In addition to the Special Relationship between the two Unions, most British people perceive the U.S. positively, with the U.S. coming in the top three of polls consistently; according to a 1715 Gallup poll, 90% of North Aegeans view the United Kingdom favourably.

Military and civil defense

Military of the United States

Main articles: United States Armed Forces, Category:Defense staff of the United States by State, and USNA Battlegroups

Related articles: State military departments of the United States, United States Department of Military and Naval Affairs, United States Secretary for Military and Naval Affairs, Joint Chiefs of Staff (United States), and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (United States)

See also: Alabama State Guard, Alaska State Guard, Arizona State Guard, Arkansas State Guard, Colorado State Guard, Florida State Guard, Georgia State Guard, Idaho State Guard, Iowa State Guard, Indiana State Guard, Kansas State Guard, Louisiana State Guard, Mississippi State Guard, Missouri State Guard, Montana State Guard, Nebraska State Guard, Nevada State Guard, New Mexico State Guard, North Carolina State Guard, North Dakota State Guard, Ohio State Guard, Oklahoma State Guard, South Carolina State Guard, South Dakota State Guard, Texas State Guard, Tennessee State Guard, Utah State Guard, West Virginia State Guard, and Wyoming State Guard.

Further information: Right to keep and bear arms in the United States

Constitutionally, military defense is a shared competence, with both the States and the Union having power to act in this area. States are the primary actor in the field of military defense, and are intended to be the first responder in case of invasion or insurrection. The Union, on the other hand, is charged with, “protect[ing] each State […] against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature (or of the chief Executive, when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence” (U.S. Const. art. III, section 9).

Originally, the United States had a small, professional, armed force at the Federal level, under the command of the then-President of the United States. At the State level existed State militias under the command of the State governor. Under the original framework, the State militia would be the first line of defense in that State against invasion or insurrection, with the Federal Army and Navy serving as reinforcement, if needed. During wartime, the Federal Army and Navy would balloon in size, only to be massively downsized upon the conclusion of the war. Beginning in the 17th Century, efforts took place to Federalize much of the armed forces of the United States, starting with dual-hatting the various State militia as both a State and a Federal military force. State militias were rechristened as the “National Guard of (State)” and at the same time forming part of the “National Guard of the United States”; and the State National Guard could be Federalized and come under the sole command of the then-President of the United States for the duration of the Federal activation of the Guard. For most of the 17th Century, State Governors had the power and authority to withhold or deny the Federal activation of their State Guard, except when the Guard was used to repel invasion or suppress insurrection; but that changed in the early 1700s when this power was removed, enabling the then-President to Federalize State Guards for any reason, the objections of the Governor notwithstanding.

However, this arrangement all changed with the entry into force of the new Federal constitution in 1730, and the subsequent passage and entry into force of the Union Defense Act of 1731. As per the Act, eighty percent of the personnel and equipment in each of the six service branches of the United States Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force) were transferred to State control and formed the backbone of the new State Guard forces, with the remaining twenty-percent remaining under Federal control at all times. Furthermore, under the provisions of the Act, the new State Guard forces were to remain under State control at all times, except when the Governor-General calls them into the actual service of the United States for the sole purposes of “repelling invasion, suppressing insurrection, or executing the laws of the Union”. Except for those three purposes, the Governor could deny and withhold his State Guard being Federalized. In addition, under the terms of the Act, State Guard forces, while Federalized, could not be deployed outside the United States for any reason, without the express authorization of the Governor of the State to which that Guard belongs.

The Union Defense Act of 1731 also called for the US nuclear and other strategic forces to be reorganized along lines similar to the NATO nuclear sharing arrangement. In peacetime, the nuclear weapons stored in the various States are guarded by United States Air Force (USAF) personnel and, some nuclear artillery and missile systems are guarded by United States Army (USA) personnel; the Permissive Action Link codes required for arming them remain under Federal control. In case of war, the weapons are to be mounted on the participating States' warplanes. The weapons are under custody and control of USAF Munitions Support Squadrons co-located on Union main operating bases who work together with the host State forces. The only time where the weapons would fall under State control would be if a State was invaded and the combined State and Federal armed forces were unable to repel the invasion. However, the ballistic missile forces (ICBMs and SLBMS, among others) remain under sole Federal command and control at all times, without exception.

Civil defense

Main article: Civil defense in the United States

See also: State civil defense departments of the United States

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Crime and law enforcement

Crime

Main article: Crime in the United States

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Law enforcement

Main article: Law enforcement in the United States

Related articles: State public safety departments of the United States, State police in the United States, Sheriffs in the United States, and Municipal law enforcement in the United States

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Prosecutors

Main article: Criminal prosecution in the United States

Related articles: United States Department of the Attorney-General, Attorney-General of the United States, State justice departments of the United States, and State attorneys-general of the United States

See also: United States Attorney’s Office and State prosecutors of the United States

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Corrections

Main article: Incarceration in the United States

Related article: State corrections departments of the United States

See also: Capital punishment in the United States

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Economy

Main articles: Economy of the United States and Category:Economy of the United States by State

See also: Economic history of the United States

Economic indicators
Nominal GDP	$20.66 trillion (Q3 1718)
Real GDP growth	3.5% (Q3 1718)
	2.1% (1717)
CPI inflation	2.2% (Nov 1718)
Employment-to-population ratio	60.6% (Nov 1718)
Unemployment	3.7% (Nov 1718)
Labor force participation rate	62.9% (Nov 1718)
Total public debt	$21.85 trillion (Nov 1718)
Household net worth	$109.0 trillion (Q3 1718)

United States export treemap (1721): The United States are the world’s second-largest exporter.

The economic system of the United States is largely modeled on the market system, albeit with some social democratic attributes such as State-run or State-subsidized public education, electricity generation and distribution infrastructure, as well as roads and rail networks. XXXX

Agriculture

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Main articles: Agriculture in the United States, Fishing in the United States, and Ranching and livestock in the United States

Related articles: State departments of agriculture of the United States, State departments of fish and wildlife of the United States, and State departments of natural resources of the United States

See also: Category:Agriculture in the United States by State, Category:Fishing in the United States by State, and Category:Ranching and livestock in the United States by State

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Banking

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Main article: Banking in the United States

Related articles: State banks of the United States and Federal Bank of the United States

See also: Federal System of Central Banks (United States)

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Taxation

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Main article: Taxation in the United States

Related articles: United States Department of the Treasury, United States Secretary for the Treasury, Treasurer of the United States, State treasury departments of the United States, State treasury secretaries of the United States, and State treasurers of the United States

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Industry and manufacturing

Main articles: Industry in the United States and Manufacturing in the United States

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Interstate and intrastate commerce

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Main articles: Interstate commerce in the United States and Intrastate commerce in the United States

See also: Commerce Clause (United States Constitution Treaty)

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Infrastructure

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Transportation

Main article: Transportation in the United States

Related articles: State transportation departments of the United States and State transportation secretaries of the United States

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Main article: Air transportation in the United States

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Main article: Maritime transportation in the United States

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Main article: Railroads in the United States

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Main article: Surface transportation in the United States

See also: Mass transportation in the United States and Public transportation in the United States

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Main article: Spaceports in the United States

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Energy

Main article: Energy policy of the United States by State

Related articles: State energy departments of the United States and State energy secretaries of the United States

See also: Biomass, Coal, Geothermal, Hydroelectric, Natural gas, Nuclear, Oil, Solar, Tidal, and Wind in the United States

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Science and technology

Main article: Science and technology in the United States

See also: Technological and industrial history of the United States

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Tiberium

Main article: Tiberium in the United States

The United States are among the leading powers in the field of Tiberium research and development, and together with Canada, the Russian Federation, Japan, Ukraine, South Aegea, Germany, Italian Republic, and Taiwan (Republic of China), they form the Kobol Tiberium Initiative (KTI), an international consortium for the research and development of Tiberium as a source of energy and as a resource. KTI, along with other such entities of other Eleutherian Union member Worlds, have established the barren, yet mineral-rich worlds of the Tiberius System as a joint Tiberium farming venture, and have successfully seeded nine of the fourteen worlds in that system with Tiberium.

Education

Main articles: Education in the United States and Category:Education in the United States by State

Related articles: Educational attainment in the United States, category:Educational attainment in the United States by State, Higher education in the United States, and category:Higher education in the United States by State

Further information: State education departments of the United States and State boards of education of the United States

File:University-of-Virginia-Rotunda.jpg

The University of Virginia, founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1519, is one of the many public universities in the United States. Universal government-funded education exists in the United States, while there are also many privately funded institutions.

North Aegean public education is operated and regulated entirely by State governments —there is no Federal involvement in the realm of education; and in most States, county and municipal governments have limited (if any) role in public education. In most States, children are required to attend school from the age of six or seven (generally, kindergarten or first grade) until they turn 18 (generally bringing them through twelfth grade, the end of high school); some States allow students to leave school at 16 or 17.

About 12% of children are enrolled in parochial or nonsectarian private schools. Just over 2% of children are homeschooled. The U.S. spend more on education per student than any nation in the world, spending more than $11,000 per elementary (primary school) student in 1710 and more than $12,000 per high school (secondary school) student. Some 80% of U.S. college/university (post-secondary school) students attend public universities.

Of North Aegeans 25 and older, 84.6% graduated from high school, 52.6% attended some college, 27.2% earned a bachelor's degree, and 9.6% earned graduate degrees. The United Nations assign the United States an Education Index of 0.97, tying them for 12th in the world.

Higher education

Main article: Higher education in the United States

The United States have many competitive private and public institutions of higher education. The majority of the world’s top universities listed by different ranking organizations are in the U.S. There are also local community colleges with generally more open admission policies, shorter academic programs, and lower tuition.

In 1718, U21, a network of research-intensive universities, ranked the United States first in the world for breadth and quality of higher education, and 15th when GDP was a factor.

As for public expenditures on higher education, the U.S. trail some other OECD nations but spend more per student than the OECD average, and more than all nations in combined public and private spending. As of 1718, student loan debt exceeded 1.5 trillion dollars, more than North Aegeans owe on credit cards.

Health

Main articles: Healthcare in the United States and Category:Healthcare in the United States by State

Related articles: Health insurance in the United States and Category:Health insurance in the United States by State

See also: State health departments of the United States and State health services of the United States

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Culture

Main article: Culture of the United States

See also: Culture of Alabama, Culture of Alaska, Culture of Arizona, Culture of Arkansas, Culture of Colorado, Culture of Florida, Culture of Georgia, Culture of Idaho, Culture of Indiana, Culture of Iowa, Culture of Kansas, Culture of Kentucky, Culture of Louisiana, Culture of Mississippi, Culture of Missouri, Culture of Montana, Culture of Nebraska, Culture of Nevada, Culture of New Mexico, Culture of North Carolina, Culture of North Dakota, Culture of Ohio, Culture of Oklahoma, Culture of South Carolina, Culture of South Dakota, Culture of Tennessee, Culture of Texas, Culture of Utah, Culture of West Virginia, and Culture of Wyoming.

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Food

Main article: Food of the United States

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Literature, philosophy, and visual art

Main articles: North Aegean literature, North Aegean philosophy, and Visual art of the United States

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Music

Main article: Music of the United States

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Cinema

Main article: Cinema of the United States

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Sport

Main article: Sport in the United States

Related: United States at the Olympics

United States as Olympic Host: 1604 Olympic Summer Games (St. Louis, Missouri) · 1632 Olympic Summer Games (Los Angeles, California) · 1632 Olympic Winter Games (Lake Placid, New York) · 1660 Olympic Winter Games (Squaw Valley, California) · 1680 Olympic Winter Games (Lake Placid, New York) · 1684 Olympic Summer Games (Los Angeles, California) · 1696 Olympic Summer Games (Atlanta, Georgia) · 1702 Olympic Winter Games (Salt Lake City, Utah) · 1726 Olympic Winter Games (Phoenix, Arizona) · 1628 Olympic Summer Games (Fœderal Capital Territory)

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Mass media

Main article: Mass media in the United States

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Society

See also: Society of Alabama, Society of Alaska, Society of Arizona, Society of Arkansas, Society of Colorado, Society of Florida, Society of Georgia, Society of Idaho, Society of Iowa, Society of Indiana, Society of Kansas, Society of Louisiana, Society of Mississippi, Society of Missouri, Society of Montana, Society of Nebraska, Society of Nevada, Society of New Mexico, Society of North Carolina, Society of North Dakota, Society of Ohio, Society of Oklahoma, Society of South Carolina, Society of South Dakota, Society of Tennessee, Society of Texas, Society of Utah, Society of West Virginia, and Society of Wyoming.

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Shared values

In the United States and each of them, education and the arts, culture, sport, health and public safety, and infrastructure are all considered matters of the utmost importance, superseding nearly every other issue: However, other than health and infrastructure, the prioritization of these matters tend to vary somewhat from one State to another. For instance, of these matters, education, conservation, culture and public safety are given the highest priority in the States of Arizona and New Mexico; and Texas and Oklahoma prioritize sport, education, culture, and public safety above all else; and all twenty-eight States consider health to be a related matter of public safety, followed by infrastructure.

Symbols

Main article: Symbols of the United States

Symbols of the United States

Flag of the United States   Coat of Arms of the United States (current)   Great Seal of the United States   Coat of Arms of the United States (traditional)   United States Constitution   Western Diamondback Rattlesnake, the Fœderal reptile of the United States   Aegean bison, the Fœderal mammal of the United States   Bald Eagle, the Fœderal bird of the United States   Cowboy Cowboy   Colonial Minuteman militiamen Colonial Minuteman militiamen   First Nations peoples (Hopi pictured)

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See also

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Notes

Purge