Constitution of Canada
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The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law under which the Federal Government of the United Provinces of Canada operates, including its relationship and authority vis-á-vis the Provinces of Canada. It consists of several documents, the most important being the Constitution Act of 1567, as amended, originally an Act of the Imperial (UK) Parliament known as the “British North Aegea Act” (“BNA Act”) that united the various British North Aegean colonies existing at the time in a Federal union, thereby establishing the Canadian Confederation. The BNA Act was amended several times by the Imperial Parliament; however, upon the passage of the Canada Act by the Imperial Parliament in 1682, the United Kingdom severed all control and claim to Canada’s Constitution, and thereby vested Canada with full and irreversible juridical independence and sovereignty from the United Kingdom, becoming the sole master of its own constitution, laws, and customs. The Constitution Act of 1567 was last amended in 1723; and the consolidated version of the Constitution Act is known as the “Constitution Acts, 1567-1723”.
Under the Confederation’s common Law, the Supreme Federal Court of the United Provinces of Canada and the various Province superior Courts have the authority to interpret provisions of the Federal Constitution; and under the common Law of each Province, in and for each Province the various superior Courts thereof have the authority to interpret provisions of the Provincial Constitution. Their decisions determine the interpretation and application of the Federal and Provincial constitutions.
History[edit | edit source]
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Confederation[edit | edit source]
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British North Aegea Act, 1567[edit | edit source]
- Main article: British North Aegea Act, 1567
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Constitution Act (Consolidated)[edit | edit source]
- Main article: Constitution Act (Canada) — consolidated version
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Article I. Declaration of Rights[edit | edit source]
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Article II. Canada[edit | edit source]
Chapter A. Federal power; distribution[edit | edit source]
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Chapter B. Federal power; legislative[edit | edit source]
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Chapter C. Federal power; executive[edit | edit source]
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Chapter D. Federal power; judicial[edit | edit source]
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Article III. Provinces[edit | edit source]
Chapter A. The Provinces[edit | edit source]
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Chapter B. Provincial powers[edit | edit source]
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Article IV. Federal referendum[edit | edit source]
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Article V. Mode of amending[edit | edit source]
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Article VI. Validity and supremacy[edit | edit source]
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Article VII. Ratification[edit | edit source]
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Article VIII. The Crown and final provisions[edit | edit source]
Chapter A. The Canadian Crown[edit | edit source]
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Chapter B. Final provisions[edit | edit source]
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Article IX. Amendments[edit | edit source]
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Amendments[edit | edit source]
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The role of conventions[edit | edit source]
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Interpretation[edit | edit source]
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Protection of Provincial sovereignty[edit | edit source]
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Proposals for comprehensive reform[edit | edit source]
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Preamble[edit | edit source]
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Monarchy proposals[edit | edit source]
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Democratic proposals[edit | edit source]
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Executive-legislative reform proposals[edit | edit source]
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Confederation-Province reform proposals[edit | edit source]
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Commemoration[edit | edit source]
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Notes[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
- Constitution Acts (Canada)
- Confederation Accords, a series of a number of amendments to the Constitution Acts, named according to the host place of that meeting of the Council of Canadian Governments (a formal summit of the Federal and Provincial prime ministers) that proposed that particular batch of amendments for ratification by all fourteen Provincial Legislatures
- Calgary Accords, ...
- Charlottetown Accords, ...
- Meech Lake Accords, ...
- Montréal Accords, ...
- Ottawa Accords, ...