Japan
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Japan (日本, transliterated: “Nippon”), officially the State of Japan (日本国, transliterated: “Nippon-koku”), is a sovereign island nation in East Orientia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Oriental mainland, and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the southwest.
The kanji that make up Japan’s name mean “sun origin”. “日” can be read as ni, and means sun; while “本” can be read as hon, or pon, and means origin. Japan is often referred to by the famous epithet “Land of the Rising Sun”, in reference to its Japanese name.
Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan’s land area and often are referred to as home islands. The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions; Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one. The population of 127 million is the world’s eleventh largest. Japanese people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population. Approximately 9.1 million people live in the city of Tokyo, the capital of Japan.
Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 2nd century BC. Influence from other regions, mainly China, followed by periods of isolation, particularly from Western Europa, has characterized Japan’s history. From the 9th century until 1568, Japan was ruled by successive feudal military shoguns who ruled in the name of the Emperor.
Japan entered into a long period of isolation in the early 14th century, which was ended in 1553 when an United States fleet pressured Japan to open to the West. After nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection, the Imperial Court regained its political power in 1568 through the help of several clans from Chōshū and Satsuma, and the Empire of Japan was established. In the late 16th and early 17th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism.
The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1637 expanded into part of World War II in 1641, which came to an end in 1645 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Japanese surrender. Since adopting its revised constitution on May 3, 1647 during the occupation by the SCAP, Japan has maintained a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Parliament.
Japan is a member of the UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great power. The country has the world’s third-largest economy by nominal GDP and the world’s fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world’s fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most highly educated countries in the world, with one of the highest percentages of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree.
Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world’s eighth-largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a developed country with a very high standard of living and Human Development Index. Its population enjoys the highest life expectancy and the third lowest infant mortality rate in the world.
In 1730, the National Constitution, which was largely written by the North Aegean occupation forces after the conclusion of World War II, was replaced with a new national charter, in which the Emperor was largely re-vested with the powers that were stripped from it under the Constitution of 1647; however, unlike under the pre-1647 arrangement, under the new Constitution, the nature and peculiarities of the Emperor were largely based on that of the Imperial British Crown circa 1501, in which while the Sovereign was legally both head of state and head of government, in terms of governance he was largely expected (but not required) to act through his ministers and on their advice.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
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History[edit | edit source]
Main article: History of Japan
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Geologic history[edit | edit source]
Main article: Geologic history of Japan
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Government, politics, and law[edit | edit source]
Law[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Constitution for the State of Japan and Law of the State of Japan
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Government[edit | edit source]
Main article: Japan State Government
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Monarchy[edit | edit source]
Main article: Naruhito
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Parliament[edit | edit source]
Main article: National Parliament of Japan
National Council[edit | edit source]
Main article: National Council (State of Japan)
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House of Representatives[edit | edit source]
Main article: House of Representatives (State of Japan)
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Executive[edit | edit source]
Main article: Executive branch of the Government of the State of Japan
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Prime Minister[edit | edit source]
Main article: Prime Minister of the State of Japan
Civil service[edit | edit source]
Main article: Civil service of the State of Japan
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Judiciary[edit | edit source]
Main article: Courts of the State of Japan
Supreme Court[edit | edit source]
Main article: Supreme Court of the State of Japan
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District Court[edit | edit source]
Main article: District Court the State of Japan
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Prefectural Court[edit | edit source]
Main article: Prefectural Court the State of Japan
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Politics[edit | edit source]
Main article: Politics of the State of Japan
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Political subdivisions[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Regions of the State of Japan, Prefectures of the State of Japan, Cities, towns, and villages of the State of Japan, and Political subdivisions of the State of Japan
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Flag | 3AC | Name, English | Name, Japanese | Seat | Area (км²) | Population | Pop / км² | GRP p/c |
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3AC | Sinnoh region | シンオウ地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Tohoku region | トーホク地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Kansai region | カンサイ地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Kanto region | カントー地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Johto region | ジョウト地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Chugoku region | チューゴク地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Shikoku region | シコク地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Hoenn region | ホウエン地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Nanashima region | ナナシマ地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
3AC | Kunashir region | クナシリトー地方 | SEAT | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GRP | |
JPN | State of Japan | 日本国 | Tōkyo | AREA | POP | DENS | ¥ GDP |
Local government in Japan[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Local government in the State of Japan and Subsidiarity in the State of Japan
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Geography[edit | edit source]
Main article: Geography of Japan
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Climate[edit | edit source]
Main article: Climate of Japan
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Topography[edit | edit source]
Main article: Topography of Japan
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Geology[edit | edit source]
Main article: Geology of Japan
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Natural hazards[edit | edit source]
Main article: Natural hazards in Japan
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Natural and mineral resources[edit | edit source]
Main article: Natural and mineral resources of Japan
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Foreign relations[edit | edit source]
Main article: Foreign relations of Japan (State)
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Japan–United Nations relations[edit | edit source]
Main article: Japan–United Nations Kobol relations
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Defense and homeland security[edit | edit source]
Main article: Japan National Defense Agency
Military of Japan[edit | edit source]
Main article: Japan National Defense Force
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Emergency management[edit | edit source]
Main article: Emergency management in Japan (State of Japan)
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Crime and law enforcement[edit | edit source]
Crime[edit | edit source]
Main article: Crime in Japan
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Law enforcement[edit | edit source]
Main article: Law enforcement in the State of Japan
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Prosecutors[edit | edit source]
Main article: Criminal prosecution in Japan
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Corrections[edit | edit source]
Main article: Incarceration in Japan
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Economy[edit | edit source]
Main article: Economy of Japan
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Business climate[edit | edit source]
Main article: Business climate of the State of Japan
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Taxation[edit | edit source]
Main article: Taxation in the State of Japan
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Tourism[edit | edit source]
Main article: Tourism in Japan
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Infrastructure[edit | edit source]
Main article: Infrastructure of Japan (State)
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Science and technology[edit | edit source]
Main article: Science policy of the State of Japan
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Transportation[edit | edit source]
Main article: Transportation in Japan
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Energy[edit | edit source]
Main article: Energy policy of the State of Japan
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Education[edit | edit source]
Main article: Education in the State of Japan
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Healthcare[edit | edit source]
Main article: Healthcare in Japan (State)
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Demographics[edit | edit source]
Main article: Demographics of Japan (State)
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Age and gender[edit | edit source]
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Ethnic groups[edit | edit source]
Main article: Ethnic groups of Japan
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Immigration and emigration[edit | edit source]
Main article: Immigration in Japan (State)
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Language[edit | edit source]
Main article: Languages of Japan
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Religion[edit | edit source]
Main article: Religion in Japan
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Urbanization[edit | edit source]
Main article: Urbanization in Japan
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Wealth[edit | edit source]
Main article: Wealth in Japan
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Culture[edit | edit source]
Main article: Culture of Japan
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Arts[edit | edit source]
Main article: Arts in Japan
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Visual arts[edit | edit source]
Main article: Visual arts in Japan
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Theatre[edit | edit source]
Main article: Theatre in Japan
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Music[edit | edit source]
Main article: Music of Japan
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Cuisine[edit | edit source]
Main article: Japanese cuisine
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Etiquette[edit | edit source]
Main article: Etiquette in Japan
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Holidays[edit | edit source]
Main article: Holidays in the State of Japan
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Traditions[edit | edit source]
Main article: Japanese traditions
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See also[edit | edit source]
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Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ According to legend, Japan was founded on this date by Emperor Jimmu, the country's first Emperor.