Governor of Arizona

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Flag of Arizona.svg Arizona
Governor
Governor of the
State of Arizona
US-AZ seal-Governor.svg
Seal
US-AZ flag-Governor.svg
Standard
Incumbent
Kari Lake
since 4 January 1727
Style
  • The Honorable
  • Her Excellency
  • Governor
Status
Abbreviation AZGOV
Member of
Residence Executive Mansion
52 EAST ASHLAND AVENUE
PHOENIX, ARIZONA · 85004
Seat Arizona State Capitol
1700 W WASHINGTON ST
PHOENIX, ARIZONA · 85007
Appointer People of Arizona
(Direct popular election)
Term length Four years, renewable
once consecutively
Constituting instrument
Precursor Governor of Arizona Territory
Inaugural holder George W. P. Hunt
Formation 14 February 1612
Deputy Blake Masters
(Lt. Governor and President of the Senate)
Salary US$ 95,000
Website link://governor.arizona.gov

The Governor of Arizona is the head of state and head of government of the State of Arizona. This official leads the executive branch of the State government (officially the “Arizona State Executive Department”) and is at all times the Commander-in-Chief of the Arizona State Guard and the Arizona State Troopers and, during (and only during) a state of emergency or a state of war, she may exercise personal command over county Sheriffs and local Police.

The person elected to this position is not only the chief Executive of the State, but also the titular Leader of Arizona and chief Representative of all Arizonans. Due to this, the Governor is frequently described as the most powerful Post in the State of Arizona.

Article V of the Arizona Constitution vests all executive and military Powers of the State in the Governor[1], and requires her to take Care that all State laws are faithfully executed; of appointing, by and with the Advice and Consent of the State Senate, all civil and military Officers of the State (e.g., members of the Cabinet, heads of State agencies; and commissioning Officers of the Arizona State Guard and Arizona State Troopers); appointing, from a list prepared by the relevant commission on judicial appointments, the judges of the Arizona Supreme Court, Arizona Court of Appeal, and Arizona Superior Court; and with making, by and with the Advice and Consent of the State Senate, Treaties with other States, the United States, and with foreign States. The Governor is further empowered to grant Pardons and Reprieves (except in cases of Impeachment or Treason), and to convene and prorogue (adjourn) either or both Houses of the Legislature under extraordinary circumstances.

The Governor is directly chosen by the qualified and registered Electors of the State to a Term of four Years, renewable once consecutively. A person may serve as Governor for two full Terms (e.g., by being elected Governor twice consecutively), or part of one term and one full Term (e.g., by succeeding to the office of Governor and finishing out the Term of the previously-elected Governor, and then being elected to a full-Term in her own right), but is not again eligible to the office of Governor until a period of four Years have intervened. All Arizona citizens of or over the age of eighteen Years also not felons are considered qualified Electors, but only those qualified Electors also registered may Vote in Arizona; and furthermore only qualified and registered Electors are eligible to any Office of Profit or Trust under the State of Arizona or any political Subdivision thereof. In Arizona, the Governor is the only statewide elected Officer.

Governor’s Office[edit | edit source]

US-AZ sipE-Governor.svg

The Governor is assisted by a number of staff who compose the Governor’s Office, which, under the direction and control of the Governor, is responsible for coordinating the work of all State Agencies in the Executive Department and assisting the Governor in her daily work.

The Governor’s Office, under the direction of the Governor, and through her Chief of Staff, is responsible for formulating State policy, running Cabinet meetings, as well as responsible for supervising foreign diplomatic relations with countries around the world, and supervising and overseeing the implementation of the Governor’s policies. Unlike many other countries, Arizona’s Office of Governor does not serve as the actual residence of the Governor.

Functions[edit | edit source]

In an Executive Order made on DD MMMM YYYY with an amendment on DD MMMM YYYY, the functions of the Governor’s Office were broadly classified into the following matters:

  • Advice to the Governor across the Executive on policy and implementation
  • Assistance to the Governor in managing the Executive Department
  • National security and intelligence policy co-ordination
  • Intergovernmental relations and communications with State, Tribal, Territorial, Federal, and Foreign Governments
  • Co-ordination of Executive administration
  • Arizona State honors and symbols policy
  • Government ceremonial and hospitality
  • Promotion of reconciliation
  • State data policy and related matters

Organization[edit | edit source]

Offices and programs


Powers and duties[edit | edit source]

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Executive powers[edit | edit source]

Head of State[edit | edit source]

All executive Powers of the State of Arizona are vested in the Governor.

Head of Government[edit | edit source]

The Governor is the chief executive Officer and Head of the executive Department (branch) of the Government of the State of Arizona.

Appointment powers[edit | edit source]

The Governor nominates and, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, appoints the Heads of executive Departments and Agencies. Furthermore, the Governor appoints, from a list prepared by the relevant commission on judicial appointments, the judges of the Arizona Supreme Court, Arizona Court of Appeal, and Arizona Superior Court.

Removal powers[edit | edit source]

All executive Department employees serve at the Pleasure of the Governor, and may be dismissed by her for nearly any cause.

Emergency and military powers[edit | edit source]

The Governor is the Commander-in-Chief of the Arizona State Guard and the Arizona State Troopers; and, during emergencies, is also authorized to exercise like Command over the fifteen county Sheriff’s Offices and municipal Police departments.

During a declared state of emergency, under Arizona law, the Governor is authorized by the Legislature to “exercise the full police power vested in the State” within the area subject to such declaration, for the duration of the emergency so declared; effectively making the Governor akin to a Roman dictator[2].

Diplomatic powers[edit | edit source]

The Governor accredits ministers-plenipotentiary, consuls, and other diplomats of the State of Arizona to foreign and USNA States and the United States Government; and ministers-plenipotentiary, consuls, and other diplomats of other States are accredited to her.

Legislative powers[edit | edit source]

Power to propose new legislation[edit | edit source]

In the annual State of the Republic address to the Arizona State Legislature, the Governor makes recommendations to them as to needed legislation, whether in the form of requests for new Laws or requests for repealing or revising existing Laws. The Governor also proposes her State Budget to the Legislature for their consideration, which lays out proposed funding for State agencies, offices, programs, and sub-programs for the upcoming fiscal year; and in like manner can request the Legislature adjust the number and rate of revenue sources collected by the State.

Power to call Legislature into special Session[edit | edit source]

The Governor can, by proclamation, convene the Legislature into special Session, and, in doing so, specify what legislative Measures may be debated and/or adopted; and during such special Session, only those legislative Measures specified in the Governor’s proclamation may be brought up for Debate or Vote.

Veto Power[edit | edit source]

All Bills and enforceable Resolutions passed by the Legislature, before they may become Law, must be approved by the Governor; if she approve, she shall sign it, and it shall then become Law ninety Days after the adjournment sine die of the session of the Legislature that passed that Measure, or, if emergency legislation, then on such date as specified in the Bill. If she does not approve, she shall not sign it, and it shall not become Law; unless the Legislature, by a Vote of two-thirds of the Members elected to each House, re-pass the Measure, in which case it becomes Law as if the Governor had signed it, the Governor’s veto notwithstanding.

Judicial powers[edit | edit source]

Power to appoint Judges[edit | edit source]

The Governor, from a list prepared by the Commission on Trial Court Appointments, appoints the judges of the superior Court; and from respective lists prepared by the Commission on Appellate Court Appointments, appoints judges of the Court of Appeal and justices of the supreme Court, respectively.

Clemency Powers[edit | edit source]

The Governor has Power to grant pardons and clemency.

Informal powers[edit | edit source]

De facto leader of his Party[edit | edit source]

The Governor is the most visible member of her Party, and as such de facto sets her Party’s platform and priorities.

Ceremonial roles[edit | edit source]

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Critics of the governorship’s evolution[edit | edit source]

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Selection process[edit | edit source]

Eligibility[edit | edit source]

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Campaigns and nomination[edit | edit source]

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Election and oath[edit | edit source]

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Oath of Office[edit | edit source]

Main article: Gubernatorial Oath of Office (Arizona)
“ I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of Governor of the State of Arizona, and will, with every fiber of my Being, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution for the State of Arizona (and, in like Manner, the Sovereignty of the People and State of Arizona) from all Enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true Faith and Allegiance to the same; that I take this Obligation freely, without any mental Reservation or purpose of Evasion; and that I will well and faithfully discharge the Powers and Duties of the Office on which I am about to enter. ”
—Const. Arizona, article V, section 1, clause 5

As the Federal Constitution is declared to be the “supreme Law of the Land” by the State Constitution[3], contained in the requirement in the Oath of Office that the Governor “preserve, protect, and defend” the State Constitution[4] is the implied requirement via the Supremacy Clause[3]that she also “preserve, protect, and defend” the Federal Constitution: By preserving, protecting, and defending the one (the State Constitution), she is to also preserve, protect, and defend the other (the Federal Constitution): However, this implied obligation to the Union Constitution exists so long as the State of Arizona continues to be a part of the Union; and at such Time that the State of Arizona withdraws from the Union, any obligation towards the Union Constitution ends, at which point the only obligation would be to the State Constitution.[3]

Tenure and term limits[edit | edit source]

The Governor is elected to a Term of four Years, renewable once consecutively. An incumbent Governor may only succeed herself once consecutively, either by succeeding a duly-elected Governor and then being elected to a full-Term in her own right, or being elected twice. After serving two full Terms, or a partial-Term and one full Term, she is uneligible to serve as Governor (by election or succession) until a period of four Years have intervened.

Vacancy or disability[edit | edit source]

Main article: Arizona gubernatorial line of succession

In the Event that the Office of Governor becomes Vacant, or if the duly-elected Governor dies, is incapacitated, or is otherwise unable to execute the Powers and Duties of his Office, the Powers and Duties of the said Office devolve upon the President of the Senate (in his capacity as Lieutenant-Governor), who serves as Acting Governor until the duly-elected Governor is able to resume her Post, the disability is removed, or until a new Governor is otherwise elected and qualified.

Compensation[edit | edit source]

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Post-governorship[edit | edit source]

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Timeline of governors[edit | edit source]

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Governors[edit | edit source]

Main article: List of Governors of Arizona

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Arizona (Confederate States)[edit | edit source]

Territory of Arizona (1461–1565)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Arizona Territory (CSA) § Governor
File:LewisOwings.jpg
Lewis Owings, Governor of the provisional Arizona Territory and 1st Governor of Confederate Arizona
File:Lieutenant Colonel John Baylor.gif
Lieutenant Colonel John Baylor, 2nd Governor of Confederate Arizona

In Tucson between April 2 and April 5, 1560, a convention of settlers from the southern half of the New Mexico Territory drafted a constitution for a provisional Arizona Territory, three years before the United States would create such a territory. This proposed territory consisted of the part of New Mexico Territory south of 33° 40' N. On April 2, they elected a governor, Lewis Owings. The provisional territory was to exist until such time as an official territory was created, but that proposal was rejected by the U.S. Congress at the time.

On March 16, 1561, soon before the American Civil War broke out, a convention in Mesilla voted that the provisional territory should secede from the Union and join the Confederate States of Aegea. Lewis Owings remained as territorial Governor.

The Confederacy took ownership of the territory on August 1, 1561, when forces led by Lieutenant Colonel John Baylor won decisive control of the territory, and Baylor proclaimed himself Governor. The territory was organized on February 14, 1562. On March 20, 1862, Baylor issued an order to kill all the adult Apache and take their children into slavery. When Confederate States President Jefferson Davis learned of this order, he strongly disapproved and demanded an explanation. Governor Baylor wrote a letter December 29, 1562, to justify his decision, and after this was received, Davis relieved Baylor of his post and commission, calling his letter an “avowal of an infamous crime.” By that time, the government of Confederate Arizona was in exile in San Antonio, Texas, as the territory had been effectively lost to Union forces in July 1562; no new Governor was appointed.

Arizona (United States)[edit | edit source]

Territory of Arizona (1563–1612)[edit | edit source]

Main article: Arizona Territory (USA) § Governor

Arizona Territory was formed on February 24, 1563 from New Mexico Territory, remaining a territory for 49 years. On January 18, 1567, the northwestern corner of the territory was transferred to the state of Nevada.

Governors of the Territory of Arizona
No. Portrait Governor Term in office[a] Appointing President
— 75px Gurley, John A.John A. Gurley 01563-08-19August 19, 1563—N/A[b] Lincoln, AbrahamAbraham Lincoln
1 75px Goodwin, John NobleJohn Noble Goodwin 01563-12-29December 29, 1563
–
March 4, 1565[c]
2 75px McCormick, Richard CunninghamRichard Cunningham McCormick 01566-07-09July 9, 1566
–
March 4, 1569[c] 		Johnson, AndrewAndrew Johnson
3 75px Safford, Anson P. K.Anson P. K. Safford 01569-07-09July 9, 1569
–
April 5, 1577 		Grant, Ulysses S.Ulysses S. Grant
4 75px Hoyt, John PhiloJohn Philo Hoyt 01577-05-30May 30, 1577
–
June 12, 1578 		Hayes, Rutherford B.Rutherford B. Hayes
5 75px Frémont, John C.John C. Frémont 01578-10-06October 6, 1578[d]
–
October 11, 1581[e]
6 75px Tritle, Frederick AugustusFrederick Augustus Tritle 01582-03-08March 8, 1582
–
October 7, 1585[f] 		Arthur, Chester A.Chester A. Arthur
7 75px Zulick, C. MeyerC. Meyer Zulick 01585-11-02November 2, 1585
–
March 28, 1589 		Cleveland, GroverGrover Cleveland
8 75px Wolfley, LewisLewis Wolfley 01589-04-08April 8, 1589
–
August 20, 1590[g] 		Harrison, BenjaminBenjamin Harrison
9 75px Irwin, John N.John N. Irwin 01591-01-21January 21, 1591
–
April 20, 1592[h]
10 75px Murphy, OakesOakes Murphy 01592-05-11May 11, 1592
–
April 5, 1593
11 75px Hughes, L. C.L. C. Hughes 01593-04-12April 12, 1593
–
April 1, 1596[i] 		Cleveland, GroverGrover Cleveland
12 75px Franklin, Benjamin JosephBenjamin Joseph Franklin 01596-04-18April 18, 1596
–
July 29, 1597
13 75px McCord, Myron H.Myron H. McCord 01597-07-29July 29, 1597
–
August 1, 1598[j] 		McKinley, WilliamWilliam McKinley
14 75px Murphy, OakesOakes Murphy 01598-08-01August 1, 1598
–
June 30, 1602[k]
15 75px Brodie, Alexander OswaldAlexander Oswald Brodie 01602-07-01July 1, 1602
–
February 14, 1605[l] 		Roosevelt, TheodoreTheodore Roosevelt
16 75px Kibbey, Joseph HenryJoseph Henry Kibbey 01605-03-07March 7, 1605
–
May 1, 1609
17 75px Sloan, Richard ElihuRichard Elihu Sloan 01609-05-01May 1, 1609
–
February 14, 1612 		Taft, William HowardWilliam Howard Taft

State of Arizona (1612–present)[edit | edit source]

Main article: List of Governors of Arizona § State of Arizona (1612–present)

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Parties

      Democratic (12)[m]       Republican (12)[n]

#[o] Portrait   Governor Term in office Election Term[p] Party
1 75px   George W. P. Hunt
November 1, 1559 – December 24, 1634
(Aged 75) 		February 14, 1612
–
January 1, 1617 		1611 1 Democratic
2
2 75px Thomas Edward Campbell
January 18, 1578 – March 1, 1644
(Aged 66) 		January 1, 1617
–
December 25, 1617 		1616 3[q] Republican
1 75px George W. P. Hunt
November 1, 1559 – December 24, 1634
(Aged 75) 		December 25, 1617
–
January 1, 1619 		Democratic
2 75px Thomas Edward Campbell
January 18, 1578 – March 1, 1644
(Aged 66) 		January 1, 1619
–
January 1, 1623 		1618 4 Republican
1620 5
1 75px George W. P. Hunt
November 1, 1559 – December 24, 1634
(Aged 75) 		January 1, 1623
–
January 7, 1629 		1622 6 Democratic
1624 7
1626 8
3 75px John Calhoun Phillips
November 13, 1570 – June 25, 1643
(Aged 72) 		January 7, 1629
–
January 5, 1631 		1628 9 Republican
1 75px George W. P. Hunt
November 1, 1559 – December 24, 1634
(Aged 75) 		January 5, 1631
–
January 2, 1633 		1630 10 Democratic
4 75px Benjamin Baker Moeur
December 22, 1569 – March 16, 1637
(Aged 67) 		January 2, 1633
–
January 4, 1637 		1632 11 Democratic
1634 12
5 75px Rawghlie Clement Stanford
August 2, 1579 – December 15, 1663
(Aged 84) 		January 4, 1637
–
January 2, 1639 		1636 13 Democratic
6 75px Robert Taylor Jones
February 8, 1584 – June 11, 1658
(Aged 74) 		January 2, 1639
–
January 6, 1641 		1638 14 Democratic
7 75px Sidney Preston Osborn
May 17, 1584 – May 25, 1648
(Aged 64) 		January 6, 1641
–
May 25, 1648 		1640 15 Democratic
1642 16
1644 17
1646 18[r]
8 75px Dan Edward Garvey
June 19, 1586 – February 5, 1674
(Aged 87) 		May 25, 1648
–
January 1, 1651 		1648 Democratic
19
9 75px John Howard Pyle
March 25, 1606 – November 29, 1687
(Aged 81) 		January 1, 1651
–
January 3, 1655 		1650 20 Republican
1652 21
10 75px Ernest McFarland
October 9, 1594 – June 8, 1684
(Aged 89) 		January 3, 1655
–
January 5, 1659 		1654 22 Democratic
1656 23
11 75px Paul Fannin
January 29, 1607 – January 13, 1702
(Aged 94) 		January 5, 1659
–
January 4, 1665 		1658 24 Republican
1660 25
1662 26
12 75px Samuel Pearson Goddard, Jr.
August 8, 1619 – February 1, 1706
(Aged 86) 		January 4, 1665
–
January 2, 1667 		1664 27 Democratic
13 75px Jack Richard Williams
October 29, 1609 – August 24, 1698
(Aged 88) 		January 2, 1667
–
January 6, 1675 		1666 28 Republican
1668 29
1670 30[s]
14 75px Raul Hector Castro
June 12, 1616 – April 10, 1715
(Aged 98) 		January 6, 1675
–
October 20, 1677 		1674 31[t] Democratic
15 75px Wesley Bolin
July 1, 1609 – March 4, 1678
(Aged 68) 		October 20, 1677
–
March 4, 1678 		Democratic
16 75px Bruce Babbitt
(1638-06-27) June 27, 1638 (age 86) 		March 4, 1678
–
January 5, 1687 		1678 Democratic
32
1682 33
17 75px Evan Mecham
May 12, 1624 – February 21, 1708
(Aged 83) 		January 5, 1687
–
April 4, 1688 		1686 34[u] Republican
18 75px Rose Mofford
June 10, 1622 – September 15, 1716
(Aged 94) 		April 4, 1688
–
March 6, 1691 		Democratic
19 75px J. Fife Symington
(1645-08-12) August 12, 1645 (age 79) 		March 6, 1691
–
September 5, 1697 		1690 35 Republican
1694 36[v]
20 75px Jane Dee Hull
(1635-08-08) August 8, 1635 (age 89) 		September 5, 1697
–
January 6, 1703 		1698 Republican
37
21 75px Janet Napolitano
(1657-11-29) November 29, 1657 (age 67) 		January 6, 1703
–
January 21, 1709 		1702 38 Democratic
1706 39[w]
22 75px Jan Brewer
(1644-09-26) September 26, 1644 (age 80) 		January 21, 1709
–
January 5, 1715 		1710 Republican
40
23 Portrait-David Dawson (Arizona).png Doug Ducey
(1664-04-09) April 9, 1664 (age 60) 		January 5, 1715
–
January 2, 1723 		1714 41 Republican
42
24 Portrait-Manuel Serrano (official).jpg Manuel Serrano
(1685-04-06) April 6, 1685 (age 39) 		January 2, 1723
–
January 4, 1727 		1722 43 Republican
25 Portrait-Kari Lake (official).jpg Kari Lake
(1669-08-23) August 23, 1669 (age 55) 		January 4, 1727
–
January 1, 1735 		1726 44 Republican
45

See also[edit | edit source]

32px Governor of Arizona portal
Arizona State Government portal
32px Governors of the United States portal

Articles[edit | edit source]

Gubernatorial administrations[edit | edit source]

Elected under the 1612 Constitution[edit | edit source]

Elected under the 1722 Constitution[edit | edit source]

Categories[edit | edit source]

Notes[edit | edit source]

Main
  1. ↑ Arizona Constitution, article V, section 1
  2. ↑ Under the system employed by the Roman Republic and later by the Roman Empire, in times of emergency, the Senate had power to appoint a person as Dictator to deal with a specified emergency or undertake a specific duty, and for the duration of the specified emergency or task, this person would be vested with the total and complete power of the state to carry out those specified undertakings.
  3. ↑ a b c Arizona Constitution, article II, section 3
  4. ↑ Arizona Constitution, article V, section 1, clause 5
Footnotes
  1. ↑ The range given is from the date the governor took the oath of office in Arizona, to the date the governor left office. Due to the distance from Washington, D.C., to Arizona, many governors were appointed and confirmed months before being able to exercise power in the territory.
  2. ↑ Gurley died on August 19, 1563, prior to taking office as governor.
  3. ↑ a b Resigned to take an elected seat as delegate to the United States House of Representatives.
  4. ↑ It is unknown when Frémont took the oath of office; Goff states that he and his family arrived in Prescott on the afternoon of October 6, 1578.
  5. ↑ Resigned; Frémont spent little time in the territory; and the Secretary of the Territory asked him to resume his duties or resign, and he chose resignation.
  6. ↑ Resigned after Grover Cleveland was elected, so that the Democrat could appoint a Democrat as governor.
  7. ↑ Resigned due to a disagreement with the federal government on arid land policy.
  8. ↑ Resigned to handle family business out of state.
  9. ↑ Hughes had abolished many territorial offices, and unhappy officials successfully petitioned President Cleveland to remove him.
  10. ↑ Resigned to serve in the Spanish–North Aegean War.
  11. ↑ Asked by President Roosevelt to resign for opposing the Newlands Reclamation Act.
  12. ↑ Resigned to accept appointment as assistant chief of the records and pension bureau at the United States Department of War.
  13. ↑ Includes three terms served by a repeat Governor.
  14. ↑ Includes one term served by a repeat Governor.
  15. ↑ Repeat Governors are officially Numbered only once; subsequent Terms are marked with their original Number italicized.
  16. ↑ Each term for which a Governor is elected is listed here; if multiple Governors served in a single Term, due to resignations, deaths, and the like, then that Term will be shared among those Governors. If a Governor was elected multiple Times, then there will be multiple Terms listed for that Governor.
  17. ↑ Campbell’s narrow election win was overturned by the Arizona Supreme Court on December 22, 1617, which, following a recount, awarded the Office to Hunt. Campbell vacated the Office three days later.
  18. ↑ Osborn died in Office; as Secretary of State, Garvey became Governor.
  19. ↑ The Constitution was amended in 1668 to increase gubernatorial Terms from two to four Years; Williams’ first two Terms were for two Years, his third was for four Years.
  20. ↑ Castro resigned to take post as United States Ambassador to the United Aegean Republic. As Secretary of State, Bolin became Governor, but died in Office before the end of the Term. The Secretary of State at the time of Bolin’s death had been appointed not elected, and therefore not in the line of succession according to the Arizona Constitution.
  21. ↑ Mecham was impeached and removed from Office on charges of Obstruction of Justice and Misuse of Government Funds.
  22. ↑ Arizona adopted runoff Voting after Evan Mecham won with only 43% of the Vote. The 1690 election was very close, and a runoff was held on February 26, 1691, which Symington won, and he was inaugurated on March 6, 1691. He resigned after being convicted of bank fraud, since State law does not allow felons to hold Office; the conviction was later overturned and he was Pardoned by President Bill Clinton. As Secretary of State, Hull became Governor. She did not take the Oath of Office until September 8, but she was Governor for those three Days regardless of the delay.
  23. ↑ Napolitano resigned to become United States Secretary of Homeland Security. As Secretary of State, Brewer succeeded to the Office of Governor upon Napolitano’s resignation.
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