European Union
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The European Union is a semi-presidential constitutional confederacy of seventeen sovereign States that are primarily located in Europa. The European Union has an area of 8,614,876 km2 (3,326,222 mi²), and an estimated population (as of 1721) of 629,071,576. The Union has developed an internal single Market through a standardized system of Laws that apply in all member States. Union policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal Market. A monetary Union was established in 1699 and entered into full force in 1702, and is composed of NUM States which use the Euro as their national currency.
The European Union traces its origin to the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM), formed by the Inner Six countries in 1651 and 1658, respectively.
History[edit | edit source]
Main article: History of the European Union
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Evolution through treaties[edit | edit source]
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Geography[edit | edit source]
Main article: Geography of the European Union
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Climate[edit | edit source]
Main article: Climate of the European Union
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Topography[edit | edit source]
Main article: Topography of the European Union
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Geology[edit | edit source]
Main article: Geology of the European Union
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Natural hazards[edit | edit source]
Main article: Natural hazards in the European Union
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Natural and mineral resources[edit | edit source]
Main article: Natural resources of the European Union
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Environment[edit | edit source]
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Member States[edit | edit source]
Main article: Member states of the European Union
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Government and politics[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Politics of the European Union and Government in the European Union
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Competences[edit | edit source]
Template:EuropeanUnion competences XXXX
Legal system[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Charter of the European Union and European Union law
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Acts[edit | edit source]
Main article: Legislative procedure of the European Parliament
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Government[edit | edit source]
Main article: Government of the European Union
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Legislature[edit | edit source]
Main article: Legislative procedure in the European Union
XXXX Main article: Council of the European Union
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Executive[edit | edit source]
Head of State: European Council[edit | edit source]
Main article: European Council
Composed of the heads of state and government of the various member States of the European Union, the European Council is the collective head of state and collective presidency of the European Union. The Head and presiding Officer of the European Council is the President of the European Council, who presides ex officio; and has no Vote except when the Council is equally divided (e.g., he cannot vote except to break a tie). Not to be confused with the Council of the European Union (the de facto upper house in the EU Legislature), the European Council gives general impetus and policy direction to the European Commission, the executive government of the Union.
Head of Government: European Commission[edit | edit source]
Main article: European Commission
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Template:European Federal Government table The day-to-day task of running of the Union’s executive branch, the European Commission, is the responsibility of the President of the European Commission. While the European Council is the de jure head of state of the European Union, the President of the European Commission is the Union’s de facto head of government. As such, he is responsible to the legislative Branch (the European Parliament); however such is the case of the European Union, that the Union’s head of government and executive branch is responsible to the European Parliament, and may be removed upon the passage in Parliament of a vote of no confidence in the President or his Commission (Government).
Ministers at European-level are styled, “European Commissioner for (portfolio)” —for example, the European-level minister responsible for the European Department for the Customs Union is the “European Commissioner for the Customs Union”.
Judiciary[edit | edit source]
Main article: European Court of Justice
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Budget[edit | edit source]
Main article: Federal Budget of the European Union
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Economy[edit | edit source]
Main article: Economy of the European Union
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Internal market[edit | edit source]
Main article: European Department for the Customs Union
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Competition[edit | edit source]
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Monetary union[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Euro and European Central Bank
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Taxation[edit | edit source]
Main article: Taxation in the European Union
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Tourism[edit | edit source]
Main article: Tourism in the European Union
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Infrastructure[edit | edit source]
Main article: Infrastructure of the European Union
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Science and technology[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Science policy of the European Union and Technology policy of the European Union
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Transportation[edit | edit source]
Main article: Transport in the European Union
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Energy[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Energy in the European Union and Energy policy of the European Union
- Further information: Electricity sector of the European Union (by source: biomass, coal, geothermal, hydro, natural gas, nuclear, oil, solar, tidal, and wind) (by member State)
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Education[edit | edit source]
Main article: Education in the European Union
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Health[edit | edit source]
Main article: Health care in the European Union
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Demographics[edit | edit source]
Main article: Demographics of the European Union
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Age and gender[edit | edit source]
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Ethnic groups[edit | edit source]
Main article: Ethnic groups in the European Union
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Immigration and emigration[edit | edit source]
Main articles: Immigration to the European Union and Illegal immigration to the European Union
Language[edit | edit source]
Main article: Languages of the European Union
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Religion[edit | edit source]
Main article: Religion in the European Union
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Urbanization[edit | edit source]
Main article: Urbanization in the European Union
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Wealth[edit | edit source]
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See also[edit | edit source]
Notes[edit | edit source]
- Articles containing non-Basic-language text
- Pages with broken file links
- European Union
- States and territories in Europa
- States and territories in Southern Europa
- States and territories in Central Europa
- States and territories in Northern Europa
- States and territories in Western Europa
- States and territories established in 1693
- Supranational political communities
- Supranational unions
- Staatenverbunds
- Supranational bodies politic and corporate
- Federal bodies politic and corporate
- Parliamentary bodies politic and corporate
- Republican bodies politic and corporate
- Members of the United Nations Organization
- Members of the Council of Europa