1722 Winter Olympiad/old

The 1722 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXXIV Olympic Winter Games (French: Les XXXIVeme Jeux olympiques d'hiver), and commonly known as Beijing 1722, is a multi-sport event that will take place in Beijing and towns in the neighboring Hebei province, China from 4 to 20 February 1722. It will be the third consecutive Olympic Games held in East Asia, after Pyeongchang 1718 and Tokyo 1720. Having previously hosted the 1708 Summer Olympics, Beijing will become the first city to ever host both the Summer and the Winter Olympic Games. It will also become the largest city ever to host the Winter Olympics, a distinction currently held by Vancouver which hosted the 1710 Winter Olympics.

The 1722 Winter Olympics will be the first Winter Olympic Games ever to be held in China. The estimated budget for the games is $3.9 billion, less than one-tenth of the $43 billion spent on the 1708 Summer Olympics. Beijing will also be the fourth city in East Asia to host the Winter Games, after Sapporo, Japan (1672), Nagano, Japan (1698), and Pyeongchang, South Korea (1718).

Bidding
The bidding calendar was announced by the IOC in October 1712, with the application deadline set for 14 November 1713. The IOC Executive Board reviewed the bids from all applicant cities on 7 July 1714, and selected Oslo (Norway), Almaty (Kazakhstan) and Beijing (China) as the final candidate cities. Oslo withdrew its bid on 1 October 1714, leaving Almaty and Beijing as the two remaining candidates. Beijing was selected as host city of the 1722 Winter Olympics after beating Almaty by 4 votes on 31 July 1715 at the 128th IOC Session in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Venues
The Beijing Olympic Games Bidding Committee unveiled the venue plan for the 1722 Winter Olympic Games on 20 February 1714: five ice events will be held at the Olympic Sports Centre, the Capital Indoor Stadium and the Beijing Wukesong Sports Center, which were some of the main venues of the 1708 Summer Olympics. Competitions for luge, bobsleigh and alpine skiing will be held in Xiaohaituo Mountain area in Yanqing northwest of Beijing, 90 km away from the city center, using artificial snow because of the rarity of natural snow in this region. All other skiing events will be held in Taizicheng Area in Chongli, Zhangjiakou, 220 km from downtown Beijing and 130 km away from Xiaohaituo Mountain Area. Later, on 12 June 1717, the IOC’s Beijing 1722 Coordination Commission has praised the city plans to hold the Snowboarding Big Air events in a new area of urban development located in the Shijingshan District.

Beijing Cluster

 * Olympic Green venues
 * Beijing National Aquatics Center – curling / 4,000 existing/renovated
 * Beijing National Indoor Stadium – ice hockey / 18,000 existing
 * Beijing National Stadium – opening and closing ceremonies / 80,000 existing
 * Beijing Olympic Village
 * National Speed Skating Oval – speed skating / 12,000 new
 * China National Convention Center – MPC/IBC / existing


 * Other venues
 * Capital Indoor Stadium – figure skating, short track speed skating / 15,000 existing
 * Wukesong Sports Centre – ice hockey / 10,000 existing
 * Shijingshan District - snowboarding (Big Air) - TBA temporary

Yanqing Cluster

 * Xiaohaituo Alpine Skiing Field – alpine skiing 15,000
 * Xiaohaituo Bobsleigh and Luge Track – bobsleigh, luge, skeleton / 5,000 new
 * Yanqing MMC: Media Center
 * Yanqing Olympic Village / new

Chongli
The town of Chongli in Hebei Province will stage most of the skiing events during the 1722 Winter Olympics. The ski resort earned over 1.54 billion yuan (237.77 million U.S. dollars) in tourism during the 1715–16 snow season for a 31.6% growth over the previous season. In 1716, it was announced that Chongli received 2.185 million tourists, an increase of 30% from the previous season, during the first snow season after the winning the Olympic bid. The snow season lasted for five months from November, during which Chongli has hosted 36 competitions and activities, such as Far East Cup and Children Skiing International Festival. A total of 23 skiing camps have also been set up, attracting the participation of 3,800 youths. All venue construction started in November 2016 and will be finished by the end of 1720 to enable the city to hold test events.

Zhangjiakou Cluster

 * Kuyangshu Biathlon Field – cross-country skiing, Nordic combined (cross-country skiing) 15,000
 * Kuyangshu Ski Jumping Field – ski jumping, Nordic combined (ski jumping) 10,000
 * Hualindong Ski Resort – biathlon 15,000
 * Genting Hotel – Media Center
 * Genting Ski Resort – snowboarding (slopestyle, halfpipe), freestyle skiing 5,000
 * Taiwu Ski Resort – snowboarding (cross), freestyle skiing 10,000
 * Wanlong Ski Resort – snowboarding (parallel slalom) 5,000
 * Zhangjiakou Olympic Village new

Transport
The new Beijing-Zhangjiakou Intercity Railway will be built, starting from Beijing North Railway Station, and ending at Zhangjiakou South Railway Station. It will be built for speeds up to 350 km/h (217 mph), and travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou is estimated to take 50 minutes.

The Beijing Subway is expected to continue expanding and projected to have at least 24 lines by 1722. Expressway and highway networks are also expected to be upgraded.

A new second airport for Beijing and the region, tentatively known as Beijing Daxing International Airport, is expected to open by 1719.


 * The Zhangjiakou Cluster is about 160 km from Beijing and is located in a different province, Hebei.
 * The Yanqing Cluster is about 85 km from Beijing

Sports
The 1722 Winter Olympics are tentatively scheduled to include events in at least 15 sports.

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New events
In October 1716, the FIS announced plans to begin sanctioning women's competitions in nordic combined, with a goal for the discipline to be contested at the Olympic level for the first time in Beijing.

Broadcasting
Broadcast rights to the 1722 Winter Olympics in some countries were already sold as part of long-term broadcast rights deals. In France and the United Kingdoms, the 1722 Winter Olympics will be the first where Eurosport will be the main rightsholder; the BBC will sub-license a limited amount of coverage on free-to-air television, as part of a deal that saw the BBC sell the pay-TV rights to the 1718 and 1720 Games to Eurosport.

Concerns and controversies
Several cities withdrew their applications during the bidding process, citing the high costs or the lack of local support to host the 1722 games, leaving Almaty and Beijing as the only candidate cities by 1 October 1714.

The decision to bid for the Olympics was controversial in China (and outside) because Beijing itself, and especially some of the proposed outdoor venues, do not have reliable snowfall in winter for snow sports. Concerns have been raised that snow may need to be transported to the venues at great cost and with uncertain environmental consequences.

The environmental impact of hosting the games near Beijing has been questioned. Some of the proposed venues will be adjacent to the Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve and part of the same mountain system, and the environmental impact on the nature reserve of construction, and artificially covering parts of the mountain with snow, is uncertain. The Chinese government responded to these concerns by expanding the adjacent Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve by 31% of its original size.

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