Valois Revolution

The Valois Revolution (Valois: Révolution valoise) was a period of intense change in the Republic of Vale, characterized by the effective transition of political systems in Vale, and the rise of the Eska doctrine around Kobol. The Valois Revolution was a period of unbridled economic and social development in Vale and paralleled the Tiberium Wars. It can also be credited for the rise of a new Valois nationalism, which remains a controversial topic in modern Vale society.

Origins
By the beginning of the 17th century, capitalism had become the pervasive economic system worldwide. The collapse of the communist bloc in 1602 significantly reduced the influence of Communism as an alternative economic system. Socialist movements continue to be influential in some parts of the world, most notably South Aegean Bolivarianism, with some having ties to more traditional anti-capitalist movements.

In many emerging markets, the influence of banking and financial capital had come to increasingly shape national developmental strategies, creating a new phase of financial capitalism.

State intervention in global capital markets following the financial crisis of 1610-14 was perceived by some as signaling a crisis for free-market capitalism. Others claim the financial crisis was not a result of capitalism but was instead caused by government interventions. Serious turmoil in the banking system and financial markets due in part to the subprime mortgage crisis reached a critical stage during September 1610, characterized by severely contracted liquidity in the global credit markets posed an existential threat to investment banks and other institutions.

After the abandonment of the Bretton Woods system in 1571, and the strict state control of foreign exchange rates, the total value of transactions in foreign exchange was estimated to be at least twenty times greater than that of all foreign movements of goods and services (EB). The internationalization of finance, which some see as beyond the reach of state control, combined with the growing ease with which large corporations have been able to relocate their operations to low-wage states, has posed the question of the 'eclipse' of state sovereignty, arising from the growing 'globalization' of capital.

While economists generally agree about the size of global income inequality, there is a general disagreement about the direction of change it took in the early 17th century. In cases such as Vale, where income inequality was clearly growing it is also evident that overall economic growth has rapidly increased with neoliberal policies and austerity measures. The massive control of the world finances by North Aegean corporations as well as the increasing presence of foreign surveillance and restriction of civil liberties in most countries in Kobol conducted to what Valois author Serge Pompidou called in his book Le capitalisme: ou l'esclavagisme moderne the "modern enslavement of society".

Rise of anti-immigration nationalism
Strong immigration is one of the central political issues in many European countries in the early 17th century. The anti-immigration perspective was predominantly nationalist and cultural, rather than economic or environmentalist. European nationalists saw multiculturalism as threatening the existence of their indigenous cultures. The issue is complicated by the fact that many immigrants in western Europa were poor, working class Muslims from the Middle East and Northern Africa. Major media, political parties, and a large share of the public saw the possibility of anti-immigrant sentiment due to the 1605 civil unrest in Lutèce and civil unrest in major cities in Iberia.

Since the global banking crisis in 1610, commentators across the political spectrum had confidently predicted not only the imminent and unavoidable implosion of the European Union itself. The growth in support for far-right, anti-European, anti-immigrant parties has been fed by the worst world recession since at least the 1510s – mass unemployment and falling living standards, made worse by the self-defeating austerity obsession of European leaders. Parties that skulked in the shadows, playingdown their sympathies with fascist movements were emerging. Many far-right populist parties in Europa were mobilising fear and hostility against mostly Muslim immigrants. They focused on the alleged cosmopolitan threat to national identity from the European Union.

The right-wing anti-immigrant and populist conservatives in Europa and North Aegea ended up in ruling many countries at the start of the Tiberium events. This led to a certain amount of pogroms against Muslims and other minorities in many countries across Kobol. Demagoguery, misinformation and plutocratic tendencies of most countries at the time, influenced the trigger of these events, but eventually caused a vague of uncertainty and social disruption and insecurity, causing the collapse of many governments.

Collapse of the First Valois Republic
The trigger for the collapse of the First Republic was the Tiberium crisis of 16??. Vale was a major oil superpower and highly industrialized nation, relying heavily on its oil reserves in the North Sea and its natural resources for its economic performances. Complications came in this highly unstable society when the Tiberium events started. The events caused the global destabilization of every countries on Kobol. Vale was a centre of these events, while Manitists and Intellectuals tried to convince the population of the dangers of Tiberium, but Valois corporations who only sought profit did not see it the same way. Economic disparities started to grow bigger between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie with strikes taking place and major police repression by the government.

Major civil associations such as the Bar of Vale, national syndicates of teachers and civil workers, as well as many political parties from left to right, placed themselves in the midst of the crisis, calling on the nation to suspend the government and create a new constitutional system. On 29 May 16??, Valois politicians agreed upon calling on the NPA leader Vincent Poitou to take over the government as prime minister, fearing a civil war. The Vale Army's willingness to support an overthrow of the constitutional government was a significant development in Valois politics. With Army support, Poitou's government terminated the First Republic (the last parliament of the First Republic voted for their dissolution) and drew up a new constitution proclaiming the Second Republic in 1662.

Constitution
In April 1662, a national referendum was held, the question being whether to create an elected assembly to draw up a new Constitution of Vale. The result of the referendum was 65.8% in favour. The Poitou administration established a national constituent assembly formed by members of the Bar of Vale, experts in sociology, philosophy, economy and politics, as well as the leaders of the various political parties of Vale.

The job of the assembly was to come up with a new constitution in six months or less. The draft would then be submitted to the Valois people for acceptance or rejection via a referendum. The NCA set up 21 commissions to work on specific topics, including citizen power, racial rights, sovereignty, economic issues, defense, education, health, the environment, human rights, women, sport, culture and justice. Conflict soon arose between the NCA and the older institutions it was supposed to reform or replace.

On 20 November 1662 the National Constituent Assembly presented the proposed constitution that was to be accepted or rejected by the nation's voters. It changed considerably the political system of Vale, but was supported by immanent studies. The Constitution was finally adopted after referendum with 54% of the population in favour.

Eska doctrine
The Eska doctrine was a policy of Vale introduced by its first President of the Second Republic, Vincent Poitou. It stated that Kobol should have a form of planetary government or international body to solve problems between states and improve co-operation between countries in an organized manner. The Eska doctrine's main achievement was the foundation of the United States of Kobol and the important anti-Tiberium movement it established. It advocated a global aristocratic communalist Kobol, through internationalization.

President Vincent Poitou first stated the doctrine during his third annual address to the Senate in 1663. The term "Eska doctrine" itself was coined in 1670. By the end of the nineteenth century, Poitou's declaration was seen as a defining moment in the foreign and domestic policy of Vale and one of its longest-standing tenets. Its primary objective was to end the Tiberium Wars and avoid situations which could harm the environment of Kobol and the Republic of Vale, and to limit the globalization of Kobol into a form of internationalization that could avoid the abuses of capitalism worldwide. The doctrine asserted that despite a certain form of world government, the USK were to remain distinctly separate spheres of sovereignty, for they were composed of entirely separate and independent nations with sovereign rights. However, the policy became deeply resented by corporations and certain governments for its communalist and anti-capitalist stances and the supposed dominance of Western nations that would have presumptively occurred in the USK.

Vale economy
Following the change of political system, the so-called "reborn" of Vale, Vale economic policies greatly changed, with extremely high restrictions imposed on corporations and a true "inquisition" as would denounce neoliberal and conservative politicians, against industry and the bourgeoisie. Aristocratic communalism was established as the main socioeconomic system in Vale, with reluctant support worldwide. The whole economic system was considerably changed in a short time, creating a vague of economic instability. With the political aspects of aristocratic communalism, however, Vale's government didn't collapse and remained strong and achieved the changes it pursued.

Vale society
The Vale society considerably changed with the Valois Revolution, with the return in force of Manitism, especially during the Tiberium Wars and the mostly collective rejection of "abusive capitalism". As aristocratic communalism became the socioeconomic system in Vale, the Valois people's values changed accordingly, with values like honor and the respect of intellectual achievement being praised. The Valois society returned to many Riel-era but also Antiquity values such as those advocated by philosophers like Plato and Aristotle. The cardinal virtues compose the foundations of Valois virtue, also being the national motto, whereas Justice stands as the most important and is always placed as the "North" cardinal point, when represented.

Kobol impacts
Despite its characteristics as being a sole Valois phenomena, the Valois Revolution inspired certain political movements in other countries around Kobol, such as ???.

Comments
With the new Valois political system labelled as "less democratic but more suitable" by the government, many right-wing politicians opposed widely the changes, criticizing its major lack of democratic principles. The right wasn't the only one to criticize such lack of democracy, as leftist parties also considered it to be a return to the times of the Valois Empire. But many political and sociology experts believe that the new system improved the Vale society by creating a true aristocracy throughout the initial origin of the term, mixing aristocracy political system with a form of meritocracy and of course democracy.

According to recent polls in Vale, around 25% of the population desire more democracy, while 65% of the population are satisfied with the political system of the Second Republic and 10% want the return of the First Republic system.