Law of the United States

Below the Federal level, the United States have eighteen legal systems, each of which derives from one of the eighteen particular States that comprise the Union and Confœderacy that is known as the United States of North Aegea; plus a quasi-nineteenth legal system, that of the thirty Union Territories. The territorial legal system is an extension of Federal law that operates more as local law. In its nature, the territorial legal system is Federal (as the Territories are creatures created and extinguished by the Congress), but in its day-to-day operation it functions more similar to the legal systems of the States (as Territorial law is largely a hodgepodge of State legal code provisions). There is also Federal law as made by the Congress and federal case law as made by the Federal Court. Overarching, these systems comprise the law of the United States, also known as United States law, or (more rarely) All-Union law. All-Union law arises where laws apply to the United States or their citizens as a whole, the most common example being Federal constitutional law, but also other areas such as copyright and patent law.

The United States do not have a single legal system because they were created by uniting them in a Fœderal Union in the form of a Union and Confœderacy by the name, “United States of North Aegea”. Under the Terms of their Union, the All-Union institutions (e.g., the Federal Government) is bound to “respect the equality of the respective States before [the] Constitution as well as their national Identities, inherent in their fundamental Structures, political and constitutional, inclusive of regional and local self-Government. […] [and the Federal Government shall also] respect their essential State functions, including ensuring and safeguarding the territorial Integrity of each of them, and guaranteeing to each State its Sovereignty over the Peace, Order, and Good Government; internal Police; and national Security over all Places subject to its Jurisdiction;—And in like Manner ensuring and guaranteeing to each State its Sovereignty over the Safety, Health, Morals, and Welfare of its Inhabitants,” U.S. Const., article III, section 3, paragraph B).

The United States Federal Court is the highest court in the land for all cases arising under the U.S. Constitution and Federal law generally. However, other than in those two aformentioned situations, in and for each State the supreme Court thereof is the highest court of the land. Below the Federal Court is the United States Court of Appeal, which is the intermediate appellate court at the Federal-level, which hears appeals from State supreme Courts involving questions of Federal law or the Federal Constitution. As the Federal judicial Power is shared between the Federal-level Courts and the Courts of the respective States, State-level Courts can hear cases involving a Federal-question; however, unlike questions of State law, Federal Question cases can be appealed from State-level supreme Court to the Federal-level Courts once State options have been exhausted (usually once the Statel-level supreme Court has rendered its decision on the case). Generally, appeals from State supreme Courts go to the U.S. Court of Appeal before the U.S. Federal Court; however, certain cases go directly to the Federal Court, these being death penalty cases, cases involving foreign ministers and consuls, and Diversity cases, which are: Cases and Controversies between one or more States, or between a State and a foreign State, or between a State and a citizen of another, or between a State and a citizen or subject of a foreign State. In Diversity cases and controversies, the Federal Court may, at their discretion, sit as a trial Court, however this is not required; and oftentimes the Court will hear those Cases and Controversies on appeal rather than at trial.

The Judicial Committee of the Federal Council is the highest Court of Appeal on Matters of U.S. constitutional law, and sits as an appellate Court above the Federal Court and the eighteen State supreme Courts. Chaired by the chief Justice of the Federal Court and composed of the Justices of the U.S. Federal Court and the Justices of the eighteen State supreme Courts, the Judicial Committee of the Federal Council rarely accepts writs of certiorari, usually accepting appeals in only the most extreme and pressing situations involving an unresolved crucial and fundamental question of U.S. constitutional law.

The Law of Nations (e.g., public international law, with reservations) is actively transposed into the various USNA legal systems under the Legislatures of the United States, both Federal and State, in fulfillment of their respective Treaty obligations, not inherently by resolutions or other legislative instruments of the United Nations or international community. Unique among the several countries on Kobol, the U.S. Constitution expressly forbids the United States and each of them from making or joining Treaties with foreign States respecting the Rights of the People (e.g., human rights Treaties, etc.).

Twenty legal systems
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Federal law
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Territorial law
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Arizona law
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California law
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Colorado law
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Hawaiʻi law
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Idaho law
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Kansas law
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Montana law
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Nebraska law
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Nevada law
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New Mexico law
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North Dakota law
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Oklahoma law
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Oregon law
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South Dakota law
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Texas law
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Utah law
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Washington law
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Wyoming law
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Legislatures of the United States
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United States Congress
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Arizona State Legislature
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California State Legislature
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Colorado State Legislature
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Hawaiʻi State Legislature
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Idaho State Legislature
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Kansas State Legislature
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Montana State Legislature
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Nebraska State Legislature
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Nevada State Legislature
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New Mexico State Legislature
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North Dakota State Legislature
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Oklahoma State Legislature
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Oregon State Legislature
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South Dakota State Legislature
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Texas State Legislature
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Utah State Legislature
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Washington State Legislature
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Wyoming State Legislature
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Territorial legislatures
As the Territories of the United States are not sovereign, but creatures of the United States Congress that exist to aid the Union in the enforcement of Federal law within their borders and also for limited self-government, the legislative bodies of the Territories are to all intents and purposes local extensions of the Congress. Incidentally, the salaries of Territorial officials, including Members of the Territorial Legislative Assembly, are all fixed and paid out of the Federal Treasury. Furthermore, all Territorial legislation is subject to Congressional review, and may be overturned (or even amended) by a simple majority Resolution of the Congress. Additionally, Members of the Territory’s executive Department serve at the Pleasure of the Governor-General: While the Governor-General nominates and, by and with the Advice and Consent of the [U.S.] Senate, appoints Territorial Officers, he may remove any of them at his Pleasure without the advice or consent of the Senate.

Fœderal Capital Territory Legislative Council
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District of Columbia Council
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Alabama Legislative Assembly
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Arkansas Legislative Assembly
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Connecticut Legislative Assembly
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Delaware Legislative Assembly
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Florida Legislative Assembly
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Georgia Legislative Assembly
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Iowa Legislative Assembly
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Illinois Legislative Assembly
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Indiana Legislative Assembly
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Kentucky Legislative Assembly
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Louisiana Legislative Assembly
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Maine Legislative Assembly
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Maryland Legislative Assembly
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Massachusetts Legislative Assembly
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Michigan Legislative Assembly
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Minnesota Legislative Assembly
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Mississippi Legislative Assembly
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Missouri Legislative Assembly
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New Hampshire Legislative Assembly
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New Jersey Legislative Assembly
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New York Legislative Assembly
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North Carolina Legislative Assembly
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Ohio Legislative Assembly
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Pennsylvania Legislative Assembly
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Rhode Island Legislative Assembly
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South Carolina Legislative Assembly
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Tennessee Legislative Assembly
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Vermont Legislative Assembly
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Virginia Legislative Assembly
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Wisconsin Legislative Assembly
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