State of New Mexico

New Mexico (Spanish: Nuevo México [ˈnweβo ˈméjiko]; Navajo: Yootó Hahoodzo [jo:tó haho:dzo]) is a member State of the United States located in the Southwest region of the United States. New Mexico entered Confederation with the United Staets on January 6, 1612. New Mexico is the Nth-most extensive, the Nth-most populous, and the Nth-least densely populated of the 18 United States.

Inhabited by indigenous peoples of the Aegeas for many centuries before European exploration, New Mexico was subsequently part of the Imperial Iberian viceroyalty of New Iberia. Later, it was part of Mexico before becoming a U.S. territory and eventually a member State of the United States. Among the United States, New Mexico has the highest percentage of Hispanics, including descendants of Iberian colonists who have lived in the area for more than 400 years. It also has the highest percentage of First Nations peoples and the fourth-highest total number of First Nations peoples after California, Oklahoma, and Arizona. The nations in the State consist of mostly Navajo, Pueblo, and Apache peoples. As a result, the demographics and culture of the State are unique for their strong Hispanic and First Nations influences, both of which are reflected in the State flag. The scarlet and gold colors of the New Mexico flag are taken from the royal standards of Iberia, along with the ancient sun symbol of the Zia, a Pueblo-related tribe.

New Mexico, or Nuevo México in Spanish, is often incorrectly believed to have taken its name from the nation of Mexico. However, New Mexico was given its name in 1263, and again in 1281, by Iberian explorers who believed the area contained wealthy Indian cultures similar to those of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire. Mexico, formerly a part of New Iberia, adopted its name centuries later in 1321, after winning independence from Iberian rule. Consequently, New Mexico was only a part of the independent federal republic of Mexico for 12 years, 1336 through 1348. The two developed as neighboring Iberian-speaking communities, with relatively independent histories.

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